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(process or supply line)

Толкование Перевод

1 supply

1. verb
(to give or provide: Who is supplying the rebels with guns and ammunition?; Extra paper will be supplied by the teacher if it is needed; The town is supplied with water from a reservoir in the hills; The shop was unable to supply what she wanted.) proporcionar, abastecer

2. noun
1) (the act or process of supplying.) suministro, provisión, abastecimiento

2) ((often in plural) an amount or quantity that is supplied; a stock or store: She left a supply of food for her husband when she went away for a few days; Who will be responsible for the expedition's supplies?; Fresh supplies will be arriving soon.) provisión; existencias

•

- be in short supply

supply¹ n

1. provisión / suministro

the electricity supply el suministro de electricidad

2. reserva

I have my own supply of chocolate tengo mi propia reserva de chocolate

supply and demand la oferta y la demanda

El plural de supply se escribe supplies

supply² vb suministrar / proveer

the company supplies gas to the whole region la empresa suministra gas a toda la región

El pasado y participio pasado de supply se escribe supplied; el gerundio se escribe supplying

supply

tr[sə'plaɪ]

noun (pl supplies)

1 (provision) suministro

■ the electricity/water supply el suministro de electricidad/agua

2 SMALLCOMMERCE/SMALL (provision - to markets, areas, etc) abastecimiento; (- to individuals, houses, shops, etc) suministro

3 (amount availabe) reserva

■ the world's food supply la reserva alimentaria del mundo

■ I've got my own supply of biscuits tengo mi propia reserva de galletas

transitive verb (pt & pp supplied, ger supplying)

1 (goods, materials) suministrar

■ this company supplies gas to its customers esta empresa suministra gas a los clientes

■ who supplies arms to the Serbian forces? ¿quién suministra armas a las fuerzas serbias?

2 (a person, company, city, etc) abastecer ( with, de), proveer ( with, de)

■ they supply the whole town with fruit abastecen de fruta a toda la ciudad

■ this reservoir supplies the whole area with water este pantano abastece de agua a toda la región

■ the company supplies all employees with a uniform la empresa provee a todos los empleados de un uniforme

3 (give - information, proof, facts) facilitar, proporcionar

4 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL (with provisions) aprovisionar

5 formal use (need, requirement) satisfacer

plural noun supplies

1 (food) provisiones nombre femenino plural, víveres nombre masculino plural; (stock) existencias nombre femenino plural, stock nombre masculino

■ office supplies material de oficina

1 SMALLMILITARY/SMALL pertrechos nombre masculino plural

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to be in short supply escasear

supply and demand la oferta y la demanda

supply teacher profesor,-ra suplente

supply [sə'plaɪ] vt, - plied ; - plying : suministrar, proveer de, proporcionar

supply n, pl - plies

1) provision: provisión f, suministro m

supply and demand: la oferta y la demanda

2) stock: reserva f, existencias fpl (de un negocio)

3) supplies npl

provisions: provisiones fpl, víveres mpl, despensa f

supply

adv.

• suministro adv.

n.

• abastecimiento s.m.

• abasto s.m.

• alimentación s.f.

• aprovisionamiento s.m.

• dotación s.f.

• expediente s.m.

• pertrechos s.m.pl.

• proveimiento s.m.

• provisión s.f.

• repuesto s.m.

• suministro s.m.

• surtido s.m.

• víveres s.m.pl.

v.

• abastar v.

• abastecer v.

• aprovisionar v.

• aviar v.

• bastimentar v.

• dar v.

(§pres: doy, das...) subj: dé-

pret: di-•)

• pertrechar v.

• proporcionar v.

• proveer v.

• subvenir v.

(§pres: -vengo, -vienes...-venimos) pret: -vin-

fut: -vendr-•)

• suministrar v.

• suplir v.

• surtir v.

I sə'plaɪ
noun (pl - plies)

1) u ( provision) suministro m

the law of supply and demand — la ley de la oferta y la demanda

the water/electricity supply — el suministro de agua/electricidad; (before n) <route, ship> de abastecimiento

2) (stock, store)

food supplies are running low — se están agotando las provisiones or los víveres or ( Mil) los pertrechos

we need fresh supplies of paper — tenemos que pedir una nueva remesa de papel

we only have a month's supply of coal left — sólo nos queda carbón para un mes; ( Busn) las existencias de carbón sólo van a durar un mes

office supplies — material m or artículos mpl de oficina

she has an endless supply of patience/jokes — tiene una paciencia inagotable/un repertorio interminable de chistes

to be in short supply — escasear

II

transitive verb -plies, -plying, -plied

1)

a) (provide, furnish) \<\<electricity/gas\>\> suministrar; \<\<goods\>\> suministrar, abastecer* or proveer* de; \<\<evidence/information\>\> proporcionar, facilitar

b) \<\<retailer/manufacturer\>\> abastecer*

to supply somebody WITH something — \<\<with equipment\>\> proveer* a alguien de algo; ( Busn) abastecer* a alguien de algo, suministrarle algo a alguien; \<\<with information\>\> facilitarle or proporcionarle algo a alguien

2) ( meet) (frml) \<\<demand/need\>\> satisfacer*; \<\<deficiency\>\> suplir

[sǝ'plaɪ]
1. N

1) (=stock, amount) [of oil, coal, water] reservas fpl, existencias fpl ; [of goods, merchandise] existencias fpl

America has a 300-year supply of coal — América tiene reservas or existencias de carbón para 300 años

oil supplies are running low — las reservas de petróleo se están agotando

he must have used up his supply of drugs by now — ahora ya debe haber agotado todas sus reservas or existencias de medicamentos

he had only a small supply of gin left — solo le quedaba una pequeña cantidad de ginebra

a three-month supply of drugs — medicinas suficientes para tres meses

• an adequate supply of food — suficientes víveres or provisiones

• we need a fresh supply of coffee — nos hace falta proveernos de café

• they seem to have an inexhaustible supply of ammunition — parece que tengan una reserva inagotable de municiones

• to lay in a supply of sth — proveerse de algo, hacer provisión de algo

• a limited supply of fine wines — existencias limitadas de buenos vinos

• there is a plentiful supply of fish in the river — en el río hay peces en abundancia

• to be in short supply — escasear

vegetables are in short supply — hay escasez de verduras, escasean las verduras

2) supplies (=provisions) provisiones fpl, víveres mpl ; (Mil) pertrechos mpl

supplies are still being flown into the capital — aún se están llevando provisiones or víveres a la capital por aire

• emergency supplies — provisiones fpl de emergencia

• food supplies — víveres mpl, provisiones fpl

• medical supplies — suministros mpl médicos

• office supplies — materiales mpl or artículos mpl de oficina

3) (=provision) suministro m

the supply of fuel to the engine — el suministro de combustible al motor

electricity/gas supply — suministro de electricidad/gas

blood supply — (Physiol) riego m sanguíneo

4) (Econ) oferta f

supply and demand — la oferta y la demanda

5) (Parl) provisión f financiera

to vote supplies — votar créditos

2. VT

1) (=provide)

a) [+ merchandise, goods, materials, food] suministrar, proporcionar; [+ information] facilitar, proporcionar

Japan will supply the materials — Japón suministrará or proporcionará los materiales

he accused the company of supplying arms to terrorists — acusó a la empresa de suministrar or proporcionar armas a grupos terroristas

supply the missing word and win a prize — adivine la palabra que falta y gane un premio

she supplied the vital clue — ella nos dio la pista esencial

I supplied the feminine intuition — yo aportaba la intuición femenina

the arteries that supply blood to the heart — las arterias que llevan la sangre al corazón, las arterias que irrigan el corazón

b)

to supply sb with — [+ merchandise, equipment] suministrar algo a algn, proporcionar algo a algn; [+ services] proveer a algn de algo; [+ information] facilitar algo a algn

they kept us supplied with milk/vegetables — nos fueron abasteciendo de leche/verduras

2) frm (=satisfy) [+ need] satisfacer; [+ want] suplir

3.

CPD

supply chain N — (Comm) cadena f de abastecimiento

supply dump N — (Mil) intendencia f

supply line N — línea f de abastecimiento

supply route N — ruta f de abastecimiento

supply ship N — buque m de abastecimiento

supply teacher N — (Brit) profesor(a) m / f suplente, profesor(a) m / f sustituto(-a)

supply teaching N — (Brit) suplencias fpl

supply truck N — camión m de abastecimiento

* * *

I [sə'plaɪ]
noun (pl - plies)

1) u ( provision) suministro m

the law of supply and demand — la ley de la oferta y la demanda

the water/electricity supply — el suministro de agua/electricidad; (before n) <route, ship> de abastecimiento

2) (stock, store)

food supplies are running low — se están agotando las provisiones or los víveres or ( Mil) los pertrechos

we need fresh supplies of paper — tenemos que pedir una nueva remesa de papel

we only have a month's supply of coal left — sólo nos queda carbón para un mes; ( Busn) las existencias de carbón sólo van a durar un mes

office supplies — material m or artículos mpl de oficina

she has an endless supply of patience/jokes — tiene una paciencia inagotable/un repertorio interminable de chistes

to be in short supply — escasear

II

transitive verb -plies, -plying, -plied

1)

a) (provide, furnish) \<\<electricity/gas\>\> suministrar; \<\<goods\>\> suministrar, abastecer* or proveer* de; \<\<evidence/information\>\> proporcionar, facilitar

b) \<\<retailer/manufacturer\>\> abastecer*

to supply somebody WITH something — \<\<with equipment\>\> proveer* a alguien de algo; ( Busn) abastecer* a alguien de algo, suministrarle algo a alguien; \<\<with information\>\> facilitarle or proporcionarle algo a alguien

2) ( meet) (frml) \<\<demand/need\>\> satisfacer*; \<\<deficiency\>\> suplir

English-spanish dictionary > supply
2 supply

1.
[sə'plaɪ]transitive verb

1) liefern [Waren usw.]; sorgen für [Unterkunft]; zur Verfügung stellen [Lehrmittel, Arbeitskleidung usw.]; beliefern [Kunden, Geschäft]; versorgen [System]

supply something to somebody, supply somebody with something — jemanden mit etwas versorgen/(Commerc.) beliefern

2) (make good) erfüllen [Nachfrage, Bedarf]; abhelfen (+ Dat.) [Mangel]
2. noun
1) (stock) Vorräte Pl.

a large supply of food — große Lebensmittelvorräte

military/medical supplies — militärischer/medizinischer Nachschub

supply and demand — (Econ.) Angebot und Nachfrage

2) (provision) Versorgung, die (of mit)

their gas supply was cut off — ihnen ist das Gas abgestellt worden

the blood supply to the brain — die Versorgung des Gehirns mit Blut

3)

supply [teacher] — Aushilslehrer, der/-lehrerin die
3. attrib.
Versorgungs[schiff, -netz, -basis, -lager usw.]

supply lines — Nachschubwege

* * *
1. verb
(to give or provide: Who is supplying the rebels with guns and ammunition?; Extra paper will be supplied by the teacher if it is needed; The town is supplied with water from a reservoir in the hills; The shop was unable to supply what she wanted.) (be)liefern
2. noun
1) (the act or process of supplying.) die Lieferung

2) ((often in plural) an amount or quantity that is supplied; a stock or store: She left a supply of food for her husband when she went away for a few days; Who will be responsible for the expedition's supplies?; Fresh supplies will be arriving soon.) der Vorrat

•

- academic.ru/115302/be_in_short_supply">be in short supply

* * *

sup·ply¹

[səˈplaɪ]

I. vt

<- ie->

1. (provide sth)

▪ to \supply sth für etw akk sorgen, etw bereitstellen

to \supply an answer to a question eine Antwort auf eine Frage geben

to \supply information about sth Informationen über etw akk geben

to come supplied with sth car, radio mit etw dat ausgestattet [o ausgerüstet] sein

▪ to \supply sth to sb arms, drugs jdm etw beschaffen

to be accused of \supplying drugs des Drogenhandels beschuldigt werden, wegen Drogenhandel[s] angeklagt sein

2. (provide sb with sth)

▪ to \supply sb jdn versorgen, jdm etw geben; ECON jdn mit etw dat beliefern

▪ to be supplied with sth etw erhalten

to \supply sb with food jdn mit Nahrung versorgen

3. (act as source) liefern

this cereal supplies plenty of vitamins dieses Getreide ist ein großer Vitaminspender

4. (satisfy)

to \supply a demand eine Nachfrage befriedigen

to \supply a requirement einer Forderung nachkommen

II. n

1. (stock) Vorrat m (of an + dat)

a month's \supply of tablets eine Monatspackung Tabletten

water \supply Wasservorrat m

2. no pl (action) Versorgung f, Bereitstellung f

electricity [or power] /water \supply Strom-/Wasserversorgung f

oil/petrol \supply Öl-/Benzinzufuhr f; (action of providing) Belieferung f

source of \supply Bezugsquelle f

3. ECON Angebot nt

\supply and demand Angebot und Nachfrage

to be in plentiful \supply im Überfluss [o reichlich] vorhanden sein

to be in short \supply Mangelware sein

4.

▪ supplies pl (provision) Versorgung f kein pl, [Zu]lieferung f; MIL Nachschub m; (amount needed) Bedarf m

food supplies Versorgung f mit Lebensmitteln, Lebensmittellieferungen pl

to be urgently in need of medical supplies dringend medizinischer Versorgung bedürfen

to cut off supplies die Lieferungen einstellen

to cut off gas/water supplies das Gas/Wasser abstellen

office supplies Bürobedarf m

5. (amount available)

▪ supplies pl Vorräte pl, Bestände pl

food supplies Lebensmittelvorräte pl; (for camping, journey) Proviant m

6. BRIT POL

▪ supplies pl Budget nt, bewilligter Etat

7. BRIT, AUS (teacher) Vertretungslehrer(in) m(f), Aushilfslehrer(in) m(f)

to be on \supply vertretungsweise unterrichten

sup·ply²

[ˈsʌpl̩i]

adv see supplely

* * *
[sə'plaɪ]
1. n

1) (= supplying) Versorgung f; (COMM = delivery) Lieferung f (to an +acc); (ECON) Angebot nt

electricity supply — Stromversorgung f

the supply of blood to the brain — die Versorgung des Gehirns mit Blut

supply and demand — Angebot und Nachfrage (+pl vb)

2) (= what is supplied) Lieferung f

to cut off the supply (of gas, water etc) — das Gas/Wasser abstellen

our wholesaler has cut off our supply — unser Großhändler hat die Lieferungen eingestellt

where does the badger get its food supply? — woher bekommt der Dachs seine Nahrung?

3) (= stock) Vorrat m

a good supply of coal — ein guter Kohlenvorrat

to get or lay in supplies or a supply of sth — sich (dat) einen Vorrat an etw (dat) anlegen or zulegen

a month's supply — ein Monatsbedarf m

to be in short supply — knapp sein

to be in good supply —

our supplies are running out fresh supplies (Mil) — unser Vorrat geht or unsere Vorräte gehen zu Ende Nachschub m

office supplies — Bürobedarf m, Büromaterial nt

medical supplies — Arzneimittel pl; (including bandages) Ärztebedarf

electrical supplies — Elektrowaren or -artikel pl

4) (= supply teacher) Aushilfslehrer(in) m(f)

to be on supply — aushilfsweise or vertretungsweise unterrichten

5) (PARL) (Militär- und Verwaltungs)etat m

2. vt

1) material, food, tools etc sorgen für; (= deliver) goods, information, answer, details liefern; clue, evidence, gas, electricity liefern; (= put at sb's disposal) stellen

pens and paper are supplied by the firm — Schreibmaterial wird von der Firma gestellt

2) (with mit) person, army, city versorgen; (COMM) beliefern

she supplies the humour in the office — sie sorgt für ( den) Humor im Büro

this supplied me with the chance... — das gab mir die Chance...

we were not supplied with a radio — wir hatten kein Radio

3) (= satisfy, make good) need befriedigen; want, deficiency abhelfen (+dat); (COMM) demand decken

* * *

supply [səˈplaı]

A v/t

1. a) allg Beweise, Elektrizität etc liefern

b) die nötige Ausrüstung etc beschaffen, bereitstellen, sorgen für

2. jemanden oder etwas beliefern, versorgen, ausstatten, versehen, ELEK, TECH speisen ( alle:

with mit):

supply sb with sth, supply sth to s.o

3. fehlende Wörter etc ergänzen

4. einen Verlust etc ausgleichen, ersetzen:

supply a deficit ein Defizit decken

5. ein Bedürfnis befriedigen:

supply a want einem Mangel abhelfen;

supply the demand WIRTSCH die Nachfrage decken

6. eine Stelle ausfüllen, einnehmen, ein Amt vorübergehend versehen:

supply sb’s place jemanden vertreten

7. WIRTSCH nachschießen, -zahlen

B s

1. Lieferung f (to an akk), Zufuhr f, Beschaffung f, Bereitstellung f

2. Belieferung f, Versorgung f ( beide:

with mit), Bedarfsdeckung f

3. ELEK (Netz)Anschluss m

4. Ergänzung f, Zuschuss m, Beitrag m

5. WIRTSCH Angebot n:

supply and demand Angebot und Nachfrage;

be in short supply knapp sein

6. meist pl Vorrat m, Lager n, Bestand m

7. meist pl MIL Nachschub m, Versorgung(smaterial) f(n), Proviant m

8. pl WIRTSCH Artikel pl, Bedarf m

9. a) Stellvertreter(in), Ersatz m

b) Stellvertretung f:

on supply in Vertretung

10. meist pl PARL bewilligter Etat

C adj

1. Versorgungs…, Liefer…, Lieferungs…:

supply crisis WIRTSCH Versorgungskrise f;

supply plant Lieferwerk n;

supply price WIRTSCH äußerster oder niedrigster Preis;

supply-side economics pl (als sg konstruiert) angebotsorientierte Wirtschaftspolitik

2. MIL

a) Versorgungs…:

supply area ( ship, etc)

b) Nachschub…:

supply base Versorgungs-, Nachschubbasis f;

supply lines Nachschubverbindungen

3. ELEK, TECH Speise…:

supply circuit (current, line, relay);

supply pipe Zuleitung(srohr) f(n);

supply station Br Kraftwerk n;

supply voltage Netz-, Speisespannung f

4. Aushilfs…:

supply teacher

sup. abk

1. superior

2. superlative Superl.

3. supplement

4. supplementary zusätzl.

5. supply

6. supra, above

* * *
1.
[sə'plaɪ]transitive verb

1) liefern [Waren usw.]; sorgen für [Unterkunft]; zur Verfügung stellen [Lehrmittel, Arbeitskleidung usw.]; beliefern [Kunden, Geschäft]; versorgen [System]

supply something to somebody, supply somebody with something — jemanden mit etwas versorgen/(Commerc.) beliefern

2) (make good) erfüllen [Nachfrage, Bedarf]; abhelfen (+ Dat.) [Mangel]
2. noun
1) (stock) Vorräte Pl.

a large supply of food — große Lebensmittelvorräte

military/medical supplies — militärischer/medizinischer Nachschub

supply and demand — (Econ.) Angebot und Nachfrage

2) (provision) Versorgung, die (of mit)

their gas supply was cut off — ihnen ist das Gas abgestellt worden

the blood supply to the brain — die Versorgung des Gehirns mit Blut

3)

supply [teacher] — Aushilslehrer, der/-lehrerin die
3. attrib.
Versorgungs[schiff, -netz, -basis, -lager usw.]

supply lines — Nachschubwege

* * *

adv.

liefern adv. n.

Angebot -e n.

Belieferung f.

Lieferung f.

Speisung -en (Elektr.) f.

Stellvertretung f.

Versorgung f.

Vorrat -¨e m. (with) v.

liefern v.

versorgen (mit) v. v.

beschaffen v.

eingeben v.

speisen v.

versorgen v.

English-german dictionary > supply
3 air supply

<tech.gen> (reservoir; amount of available air) ■ Luftvorrat m

<tech.gen> (process or supply line) ■ Luftzufuhr f

<tech.gen> (process of supplying air) ■ Luftzuführung f

< metal> (of blast furnace) ■ Windzufuhr f

English-german technical dictionary > air supply
4 across-the-line starting (US)
1. прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
Пуск вращающегося электродвигателя путем непосредственного подключения его к питающей сети.
[ ГОСТ 27471-87]

EN

direct-on-line starting
across-the-line starting (US)
the process of starting a motor by connecting it directly to the supply at rated voltage
[IEV number 411-52-15]

FR

démarrage direct
mode de démarrage d'un moteur, consistant à lui appliquer directement sa pleine tension assignée
[IEV number 411-52-15]

Рис. ABB
Схема прямого пуска электродвигателя

Magnetic only circuit-breaker - Автоматический выключатель с электромагнитным расцепителем

Contactor KL - Контактор KL

Thermal relay - Тепловое реле

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Direct-on-line starting

Direct-on-line starting, which is often abbreviated as DOL, is perhaps the most traditional system and consists in connecting the motor directly to the supply network, thus carrying out starting at full voltage.

Direct-on-line starting represents the simplest and the most economical system to start a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor and it is the most used.

As represented in Figure 5, it provides the direct connection to the supply network and therefore starting is carried out at full voltage and with constant frequency, developing a high starting torque with very reduced acceleration times.

The typical applications are relevant to small power motors also with full load starting.

These advantages are linked to some problems such as, for example, the high inrush current, which - in the first instants - can reach values of about 10 to 12 times the rated current, then can decrease to about 6 to 8 times the rated current and can persist to reach the maximum torque speed.

The effects of such currents can be identified with the high electro-dynamical stresses on the motor connection cables and could affect also the windings of the motor itself; besides, the high inrush torques can cause violent accelerations which stress the transmission components (belts and joints) generating distribution problems with a reduction in the mechanical life of these elements.

Finally, also the possible electrical problems due to voltage drops on the supply line of the motor or of the connected equipment must be taken into consideration.
[ABB]

Прямой пуск

Прямой пуск, который по-английски часто сокращенно обозначают как DOL, является, пожалуй наиболее распространенным способом пуска. Он заключается в непосредственном (т. е. прямом) подключении двигателя к питающей сети. Это означает, что пуск двигателя осуществляется при полном напряжении.

Схема прямого пуска является наиболее простым, экономичным и чаще всего применяемым решением для электродвигателей с короткозамкнутым ротором.

Схема прямого подключения к сети представлена на рисунке 5. Пуск осуществляется при полном напряжении и постоянной частоте сети. Электродвигатель развивает высокий пусковой момент при коротком времени разгона.

Типичные области применения – маломощные электродвигатели, в том числе с пуском при полной нагрузке.

Однако, наряду с преимуществами имеются и определенные недостатки, например, бросок пускового тока, достигающий в первоначальный момент 10…12-кратного значения от номинального тока электродвигателя. Затем ток двигателя уменьшается примерно до 6…8-кратного значения номинального тока и будет держаться на этом уровне до тех пор, пока скорость двигателя не достигнет максимального значения.

Такое изменение тока оказывает значительное электродинамическое воздействие на кабель, подключенный к двигателю. Кроме того пусковой ток воздействует на обмотки двигателя. Высокий начальный пусковой момент может привести к значительному ускорению и следовательно к значительной нагрузке элементов привода (ремней, крепления узлов), что вызывает сокращение их срока службы.

И, наконец, следует принять во внимание возможное возникновение проблем, связанных с падением напряжения в линии питания двигателя и подключенного к этой линии оборудования.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
Синонимы
- прямой пуск
EN
DE
- Anlauf mit direktem Einschalten
FR
- démarrage direct
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > across-the-line starting (US)
5 direct line starting
1. прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
Пуск вращающегося электродвигателя путем непосредственного подключения его к питающей сети.
[ ГОСТ 27471-87]

EN

direct-on-line starting
across-the-line starting (US)
the process of starting a motor by connecting it directly to the supply at rated voltage
[IEV number 411-52-15]

FR

démarrage direct
mode de démarrage d'un moteur, consistant à lui appliquer directement sa pleine tension assignée
[IEV number 411-52-15]

Рис. ABB
Схема прямого пуска электродвигателя

Magnetic only circuit-breaker - Автоматический выключатель с электромагнитным расцепителем

Contactor KL - Контактор KL

Thermal relay - Тепловое реле

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Direct-on-line starting

Direct-on-line starting, which is often abbreviated as DOL, is perhaps the most traditional system and consists in connecting the motor directly to the supply network, thus carrying out starting at full voltage.

Direct-on-line starting represents the simplest and the most economical system to start a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor and it is the most used.

As represented in Figure 5, it provides the direct connection to the supply network and therefore starting is carried out at full voltage and with constant frequency, developing a high starting torque with very reduced acceleration times.

The typical applications are relevant to small power motors also with full load starting.

These advantages are linked to some problems such as, for example, the high inrush current, which - in the first instants - can reach values of about 10 to 12 times the rated current, then can decrease to about 6 to 8 times the rated current and can persist to reach the maximum torque speed.

The effects of such currents can be identified with the high electro-dynamical stresses on the motor connection cables and could affect also the windings of the motor itself; besides, the high inrush torques can cause violent accelerations which stress the transmission components (belts and joints) generating distribution problems with a reduction in the mechanical life of these elements.

Finally, also the possible electrical problems due to voltage drops on the supply line of the motor or of the connected equipment must be taken into consideration.
[ABB]

Прямой пуск

Прямой пуск, который по-английски часто сокращенно обозначают как DOL, является, пожалуй наиболее распространенным способом пуска. Он заключается в непосредственном (т. е. прямом) подключении двигателя к питающей сети. Это означает, что пуск двигателя осуществляется при полном напряжении.

Схема прямого пуска является наиболее простым, экономичным и чаще всего применяемым решением для электродвигателей с короткозамкнутым ротором.

Схема прямого подключения к сети представлена на рисунке 5. Пуск осуществляется при полном напряжении и постоянной частоте сети. Электродвигатель развивает высокий пусковой момент при коротком времени разгона.

Типичные области применения – маломощные электродвигатели, в том числе с пуском при полной нагрузке.

Однако, наряду с преимуществами имеются и определенные недостатки, например, бросок пускового тока, достигающий в первоначальный момент 10…12-кратного значения от номинального тока электродвигателя. Затем ток двигателя уменьшается примерно до 6…8-кратного значения номинального тока и будет держаться на этом уровне до тех пор, пока скорость двигателя не достигнет максимального значения.

Такое изменение тока оказывает значительное электродинамическое воздействие на кабель, подключенный к двигателю. Кроме того пусковой ток воздействует на обмотки двигателя. Высокий начальный пусковой момент может привести к значительному ускорению и следовательно к значительной нагрузке элементов привода (ремней, крепления узлов), что вызывает сокращение их срока службы.

И, наконец, следует принять во внимание возможное возникновение проблем, связанных с падением напряжения в линии питания двигателя и подключенного к этой линии оборудования.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
Синонимы
- прямой пуск
EN
DE
- Anlauf mit direktem Einschalten
FR
- démarrage direct
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > direct line starting
6 direct-on-line starting
1. прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
Пуск вращающегося электродвигателя путем непосредственного подключения его к питающей сети.
[ ГОСТ 27471-87]

EN

direct-on-line starting
across-the-line starting (US)
the process of starting a motor by connecting it directly to the supply at rated voltage
[IEV number 411-52-15]

FR

démarrage direct
mode de démarrage d'un moteur, consistant à lui appliquer directement sa pleine tension assignée
[IEV number 411-52-15]

Рис. ABB
Схема прямого пуска электродвигателя

Magnetic only circuit-breaker - Автоматический выключатель с электромагнитным расцепителем

Contactor KL - Контактор KL

Thermal relay - Тепловое реле

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Direct-on-line starting

Direct-on-line starting, which is often abbreviated as DOL, is perhaps the most traditional system and consists in connecting the motor directly to the supply network, thus carrying out starting at full voltage.

Direct-on-line starting represents the simplest and the most economical system to start a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor and it is the most used.

As represented in Figure 5, it provides the direct connection to the supply network and therefore starting is carried out at full voltage and with constant frequency, developing a high starting torque with very reduced acceleration times.

The typical applications are relevant to small power motors also with full load starting.

These advantages are linked to some problems such as, for example, the high inrush current, which - in the first instants - can reach values of about 10 to 12 times the rated current, then can decrease to about 6 to 8 times the rated current and can persist to reach the maximum torque speed.

The effects of such currents can be identified with the high electro-dynamical stresses on the motor connection cables and could affect also the windings of the motor itself; besides, the high inrush torques can cause violent accelerations which stress the transmission components (belts and joints) generating distribution problems with a reduction in the mechanical life of these elements.

Finally, also the possible electrical problems due to voltage drops on the supply line of the motor or of the connected equipment must be taken into consideration.
[ABB]

Прямой пуск

Прямой пуск, который по-английски часто сокращенно обозначают как DOL, является, пожалуй наиболее распространенным способом пуска. Он заключается в непосредственном (т. е. прямом) подключении двигателя к питающей сети. Это означает, что пуск двигателя осуществляется при полном напряжении.

Схема прямого пуска является наиболее простым, экономичным и чаще всего применяемым решением для электродвигателей с короткозамкнутым ротором.

Схема прямого подключения к сети представлена на рисунке 5. Пуск осуществляется при полном напряжении и постоянной частоте сети. Электродвигатель развивает высокий пусковой момент при коротком времени разгона.

Типичные области применения – маломощные электродвигатели, в том числе с пуском при полной нагрузке.

Однако, наряду с преимуществами имеются и определенные недостатки, например, бросок пускового тока, достигающий в первоначальный момент 10…12-кратного значения от номинального тока электродвигателя. Затем ток двигателя уменьшается примерно до 6…8-кратного значения номинального тока и будет держаться на этом уровне до тех пор, пока скорость двигателя не достигнет максимального значения.

Такое изменение тока оказывает значительное электродинамическое воздействие на кабель, подключенный к двигателю. Кроме того пусковой ток воздействует на обмотки двигателя. Высокий начальный пусковой момент может привести к значительному ускорению и следовательно к значительной нагрузке элементов привода (ремней, крепления узлов), что вызывает сокращение их срока службы.

И, наконец, следует принять во внимание возможное возникновение проблем, связанных с падением напряжения в линии питания двигателя и подключенного к этой линии оборудования.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
Синонимы
- прямой пуск
EN
DE
- Anlauf mit direktem Einschalten
FR
- démarrage direct
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > direct-on-line starting
7 off-line control

автономное управление

voter control circuitry — цепь управления схемой голосования

trouble-free control system — безотказная система управления

supply control office — управление по контролю за поставками

program execution control — управление выполнением программы

process control technology — технология управления процессом

English-Russian base dictionary > off-line control
8 on-line control

1. управление в реальном масштабе времени

voter control circuitry — цепь управления схемой голосования

trouble-free control system — безотказная система управления

supply control office — управление по контролю за поставками

program execution control — управление выполнением программы

process control technology — технология управления процессом

2. управление в темпе поступления информации

engine control room — пост управления двигателем

failsoft control — управление с "мягким отказом"

file control system — система управления файлами

flight control center — центр управления полетом

flight control surface — руль управления полетом

English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > on-line control
9 system

1) система

2) установка; устройство

•

to get the system on-stream — вводить систему в действие

- 2D CAD system
- 2D design system
- 2-D draughting system
- 2D milling CAM system
- 3 nonsimultaneous axes control system
- 3D CAD system
- 3D design system
- 3D milling CAM system
- 3-D surface-modeling system
- 3-D system
- abrasive waterjet cutting system
- absolute control system
- absolute dimension measuring system
- accident-protection system
- accountancy system
- accounting data system
- ACO system
- acoustic feedback control system
- acquisition system
- active enclosure system
- adaptable system
- adaptive CNC system
- adaptive control constraint system
- adaptive control system
- adaptive pulsing system
- adaptive robot system
- add-on NC programming system
- administrative information data system
- administrative information system
- ADR system
- advanced command data system
- advanced data analysis system
- advanced data display system
- advanced display system
- advanced integrated data system
- advanced interactive debugging system
- advanced management information system
- advisory system
- AGV system
- air flotation system
- air-bearing system
- air-cooling system
- air-delivery system
- air-gaging system
- airlock system
- air-oil mist lubrication system
- air-plasma arc-profiling system
- air-purge system
- alarm system
- all-enveloping guard system
- analog computing system
- analog recording system
- angstrom-positioning system
- antideflection system
- antilock brake system
- antisag system
- application-specific system
- APT generating expert system
- Archimedes system
- array system
- AS/RS system
- assembly management system
- assembly system
- attitude display system
- autolube system
- automated communications and messages processing system
- automated design and optimization of control system
- automated design system
- automated digital design system
- automated industrial management system
- automated information data system
- automated information dissemination system
- automated information retrieval system
- automated inventory distribution system
- automated machining system
- automated management information system
- automated management system
- automated measuring system
- automated parts input-output system
- automated reliability and maintenance management system
- automated storage control system
- automatic alignment-and-centering system
- automatic call distribution system
- automatic CAM system
- automatic chuck-changing system
- automatic data acquisition system
- automatic data distribution system
- automatic data system
- automatic diagnostic-and-recovery system
- automatic display plotting system
- automatic distributive numerical control system
- automatic fixturing system
- automatic gaging-and-compensating system
- automatic measurement-and-compensation system
- automatic message accounting system
- automatic message distribution system
- automatic pallet storage/retrieval system
- automatic program transfer system
- automatic record evaluation system
- automatic telemetry system
- automatic test analysis system
- automatic test system
- automatic testing, evaluating and reporting system
- automatic tool cassette changer system
- automatic tool retraction system
- automatic tool retraction/correction/reentry system
- automatic tool wear/tool broken sensing system
- automatically taught system
- automation system
- autonomous system
- autopatch system
- AWS system
- axis drive system
- axis motor system
- axis-stopping system
- backlash-free friction system
- back-to-back system
- balance system
- balanced system of forces
- balanced system
- bar feed system
- bar pulling system
- bar pusher system
- barring coding system
- base coordinate system
- base data system
- base file system
- base operating information system
- basic disk operating system
- basic hole system
- basic input/output system
- basic NC system
- basic programming system
- basic shaft system
- batching system
- batch-machining system
- battery system
- BCC management information system
- beam delivery system
- belt turnover system
- belt twist system
- binary system
- binary vision system
- biped robotic system
- block-tool system
- block-type tool change system
- bonded stores system
- boring system
- bought-in control system
- brake system
- branch information system
- breakaway system
- breathing system
- broad system of ordering
- BTA deep-hole-drilling system
- BTA-style deep-hole-drilling system
- bug-free system
- building block system
- bulk system
- business information system
- buy-and-plug-in system
- C/C system
- cable and hose carrying system
- CAD access system
- CAD system
- CAD/CAM system
- CAD/CAM/CAE and product data management system
- CAD/CAM/CAE system
- CAD/CAPP/CAM system
- CADAR system
- CAD-integrating system
- CAD-only system
- CAE system
- CAE/CAD/CAM system
- CAG system
- CAM system
- cam-and-lever system
- capacitance-based measuring system
- CAPP system
- capture system
- carrierband system
- cart/pallet transfer system
- Cartesian coordinate system
- cassette jaw-change system
- cell control system
- cell management system
- cell-type system
- cellular manufacturing system
- central analog data distributing and controlling system
- central automatic message accounting system
- central storage system
- centralized control system
- centralized coolant and extractor system
- centralized swarf conveying system
- centralized swarf removal system
- chain conveyor system
- check system
- checking system
- checkout system
- chiller system
- chip conveyor system
- chip guard system
- chip-evacuation system
- chuck/chuck jaw changing system
- chucking system
- chuck-jaw system
- chuck-loading system
- CIM system
- circular monitoring system
- circular part-processing system
- circulating lubrication system
- circulating oil system
- circulation system
- clamping system
- closed cooling system
- closed loop control system
- closed loop machine control system
- closed loop size control system
- closed loop system
- closed-proprietary system
- CM system
- CNC hardware system
- CNC machine tool system
- CNC programming system
- CNC system
- CNC transfer system
- CNC-ACC system
- CNC-control system
- coherent system of units
- collecting system
- collet pad top jaw system
- combined cooling system
- combined production system
- command-line NC system
- commercial vision system
- communication system
- companion system
- comprehensive power measurement system
- computer analysis and design system
- computer automation real-time operating system
- computer data communication system
- computer NC system
- computer system
- computer vision system
- computer-aided design support system
- computer-aided dispatch system
- computer-aided gaging system
- computer-aided programming system
- computer-aided telemetry system
- computer-aided test system
- computer-assisted command system
- computer-assisted message processing system
- computer-assisted microfilm retrieval system
- computer-assisted operation sequence planning system
- computer-automated machine-tool system
- computer-automated test system
- computer-based management system
- computer-based message system
- computer-controlled materials-handling system
- computer-controlled system
- computer-coordinated measuring system
- computer-directed swing-arm tool-changing system
- computer-driven control system
- computer-hosted manufacturing system
- computer-integrated manufacturing system
- computer-integrated system
- computerized information retrieval system
- computerized machine control system
- computerized manufacturing system
- computerized numerical control system
- computerized production control system
- computerized shopfloor data collection system
- computer-oriented production management system
- computer-oriented system
- computing system
- concurrent force system
- conductor system
- conservative system
- constant delivery system
- constant volume system
- constant-contact scanning system
- constraint satisfaction system
- continuous feedback control system
- continuous flow system
- continuous-path CNC system
- continuous-path control system
- contouring control system
- contouring system
- controlled path system
- controlling system
- conventional ACC system
- conversational analysis and drafting system
- conveying system
- conveyor system
- conveyoring system
- conveyorized work-handling system
- coolant clarification system
- coolant laundering system
- coolant mist system
- coolant recirculating system
- coolant recovery system
- coolant recycling system
- coolant supply system
- coolant-circulating system
- coolant-thru-body system
- cooling system
- coordinate drive system
- coordinate system
- coprocessor board system
- copymill control system
- corporate information and office system
- coupling system
- CPS system
- CRT control system
- CRT system
- customer-oriented system
- customized FMS control system
- cut-piece transfer system
- cycloidal tooth system
- data base management system
- data communication system
- data control system
- data input management system
- data management system
- data origination system
- data processing system
- data retrieval system
- data transfer system
- datum system for geometrical tolerancing
- datum system
- DDM system
- decentralized DNC system
- decision enabling system
- decision support system
- dedicated production system
- deep-hole-drilling system
- defect-free machining system
- delivery system
- demand pull flexible system
- demand push flexible system
- departmental management system
- descaling system
- design coordinate system
- design support system
- design-automation system
- design-for-manufacturing system
- design-with-feature system
- desk-top publishing system
- deterministic system
- dexel-based system
- diagnostic communication control system
- diagnostic computer control system
- dialog system
- diamond-lapping system
- digital readout system
- digitizing system
- digitizing/data capture system
- dimensional verification system
- direct impingement starting system
- direct lubrication system
- direct NC system
- discrete-continuous system
- dispatcher system
- distributed computer system
- distributed mass-spring system
- distributed microprocessor system
- distributed processing system
- distributed quality system
- distributed system
- distributive numerical control system
- DNC flexible machining system
- DNC machine control system
- DNC machine tool control system
- DNC system
- DNC/FM system
- document processing system
- document retrieval system
- document search system
- domain-expert system
- Doppler system
- DOS CAM system
- double tube system
- dowel pin system
- DRO system
- drop-feed-lubrication system
- DTP system
- dual laser optical system
- dual laser referencing system
- dual system
- dual-beam LDDM system
- dual-pallet shuttle system
- dual-shaft electric propulsion system
- dynamic beam focusing laser system
- dynamic data system
- dynamic mapping system
- early warning system
- eddy current damper system
- edge-sensing system
- edge-type positioning system
- eight-station pallet system
- electrical contact tracing system
- electrofluidic control system
- emergency protection system
- enclosure system
- encoder checking system
- endpoint locating system
- energy-adaptive system
- energy-saving drive system
- engine starting system
- entry-level NC system
- environmental control system
- equivalent rigid link system
- equivalent systems of forces
- ESD system
- estimating system
- example-driven system
- expert control system
- expert process planning system
- expert system
- external box system
- extractor system
- fact retrieval system
- factory automation system
- fault detection system
- fault-signal system
- FBG system
- feasibility routing system
- feature-based CAM system
- feature-based system
- feed system
- feedback control system
- feedback gaging system
- feedback position control system
- feedback system
- feed-drive system
- feedforward compensatory control system
- feed-only AC system
- feed-overriding system
- FFS system
- file control system
- finite capacity scheduling system
- fixed coordinate system
- fixed-feature NC system
- fixed-rail system
- fixture design system
- fixture system
- fixturing system
- flanged pipe system
- flexible assembly system
- flexible automated manufacturing system
- flexible automation system
- flexible computer-controlled robotic system
- flexible fabricating system
- flexible fixturing system
- flexible handling system
- flexible laser optical system
- flexible laser system
- flexible lathe system
- flexible machine system
- flexible machining center system
- flexible machining system
- flexible manufacturing system
- flexible NC system
- flexible press system
- flexible tooling system
- flexible transfer system
- flexible turning system
- flood coolant system
- flow-line production system
- flow-type manufacturing system
- fluid management system
- fluid power system
- flush-type cooling system
- fly system
- FMS operating system
- FMS/CAD/CAM system
- FMS-type production system
- force measurement system
- force sensory system
- force system
- force-sensing system
- forecasting system
- four-station pallet system
- four-tier quality system
- FROG navigation system
- FROG system
- full-blown system
- fully specified system
- gage system
- gaging computer system
- gaging-and-compensating system
- gantry loading system
- gantry-based turning system
- gantry-style motion system
- gas-turbine starting system
- gating system
- gear roller system
- gear system
- gear testing system
- general information retrieval system
- generative planning system
- generic control system
- generic messaging system
- generic system
- glass fiber system
- glazing system
- goal-seeking system
- graphic numerical control system
- graphic processing system
- graphics system
- graphics-oriented system
- grating measuring system
- gravity oil system
- gray scale imaging system
- grinder vision system
- group control system
- guarding system
- guidance system
- guiding system
- handling system
- handwriting-input system
- hard-automated system
- hardware NC system
- hardware support system
- head change system
- head changer system
- head-changing flexible manufacturing system
- help system
- hierarchical coding system
- hierarchical control system
- hierarchical information control system
- high-noise-immunity system
- high-rise system
- high-speed positioning system
- high-speed-processor control system
- high-volume system
- Hirth gear-tooth system
- holding system
- holding tool system
- hole system
- holonomic system
- host computer-assisted programming system
- host distributive numerical control system
- hybrid computing system
- hydraulic oil system
- hydraulic system
- hydraulic-circuit system
- hypertext system
- ID system
- IDNC system
- illumination system
- image detection system
- image processing system
- imaging system
- IMC system
- immersion-washing system
- inconsistent system of equations
- incremental measuring system
- index system
- indirect lubrication system
- individual lubrication system
- inductive telemetry system
- inductively guided cart system
- industrial vision system
- in-feed system
- inference system
- in-floor chip-disposal system
- information infrastructure system
- information logical system
- information processing system
- information storage and retrieval system
- information system
- information-gathering system
- information-management system
- information-sharing system
- infrared imaging system
- infrared system
- in-house minicomputer system
- in-house system
- inlet control system
- in-process gaging system
- in-process sensing system
- in-process storage system
- insert-selection system
- instrumentation system
- insulating system
- integral movement monitoring system
- integrated CAD/CAPP/CAM system
- integrated CAM system
- integrated circuit numerical control system
- integrated computer system
- integrated information system
- integrated machine system
- integrated machining system
- integrated manufacturing and assembly system
- integrated manufacturing system
- integrated NC machine system
- integrated production system
- integrated sensor system
- intelligent control system
- interactive control system
- interactive graphics processing system
- interactive manufacturing control system
- interconnection system
- interdepartmental communication system
- interferometer measuring system
- interlocking system
- interrupt-driven system
- inventory-management system
- involute tooth system
- IR fault-signal system
- IR system
- ISO system of limits and tolerances
- isolated word recognition system
- jig boring measuring system
- job shop-type flexible system
- joint-actuation system
- just-in-time production system
- kanban pull system
- kinetic control system
- kitting system
- knowledge base management system
- knowledge system
- knowledge-based information system
- knowledge-based system
- krypton laser system
- labeling system
- labor-intensive system
- language-based NC system
- laser beam orientation system
- laser beam positioning system
- laser calibration system
- laser combination energy system
- laser digitizing system
- laser driving system
- laser full automated system
- laser inspection system
- laser interferometer measuring system
- laser machining system
- laser metalworking system
- laser micrometer system
- laser monitoring system
- laser mount system
- laser optical transformation system
- laser pulse power system
- laser pump system
- laser referencing system
- laser thread measurement system
- laser transducer system
- laser-cutting system
- laser-gaging system
- layered control system
- LDDM system
- lead screw drive system
- learning system
- library reference system
- library system
- light guide system
- light recognition system
- line motion control system
- line motion system
- line path system
- linear index system
- linear system of constant coefficients
- linear time invariant system
- linear time-varying system
- linear-encoder-equipped system
- LMFC system
- load/unload system
- loading robot system
- load-monitoring system
- local communications system
- logistics system
- look-up table system
- low-loss optical system
- low-volume lubricant delivery system
- lube system
- lubrication system with continuous delivery
- lubrication system with cyclic delivery
- lubrication system with performance control
- lubrication system without performance control
- lubrication system
- M system
- machine control system
- machine coordinate system
- machine health-monitoring system
- machine management system
- machine surveillance system
- machine tool capability-conditioning system
- machine tool system
- machine vision system
- machine/control system
- machine/tool/workpiece system
- machine-flexible system
- machine-zero reference system
- machining-cell system
- magnetic control system
- magnetic shaft suspension system
- main control system
- maintenance tracking system
- make-up system
- management control system
- management information system
- management system
- management-and-manufacturing system
- managerial reporting system
- man-computer system
- man-machine system
- man-plus-machine system
- manual data input system
- manual programming system
- manufacturing execution system
- manufacturing optimization system
- manufacturing software system
- manufacturing system
- many-degrees-of-freedom system
- many-variable system
- mass-elastic system
- master manufacturing control system
- master-slave control system
- material flow system
- material movement system
- material storage system
- materials-handling control system
- materials-handling system
- matrix array system
- matrix-type system
- MDI contouring control system
- MDI control system
- MDI NC system
- mean line system
- measurement/inspection system
- measuring coordinate system
- measuring system
- measuring/compensation system
- mechanical interface coordinate system
- memory NC system
- memory system
- menu drive system
- menu system
- menu-driven programming system
- metalforming production system with robots
- metalworking laser system
- metamorphic system
- metareasoning system
- metering system
- metrology system
- MIC system
- micro CAD/CAM programming system
- microadjustment system
- microchip-managed control system
- microdispensing system
- microintegrated system
- microload system
- micropackaged distributed system
- microprocessor based system
- microprocessor CNC system
- microprocessor system
- microprocessor-development system
- microstep control system
- microwave drill detection system
- milling CAM system
- milling system
- minicomputer-based numerical control system
- minicomputer-based system
- minicomputer-based test system
- miniload automated storage and retrieval system
- miniload system
- minimal constraint system
- minimum phase shift system
- mist-cooling system
- mixed forging-machining system
- mobility system
- model reference adaptive system
- moderately sized manufacturing system
- modular clamping system
- modular component tooling system
- modular fixture system
- modular holding system
- modular system
- modular tooling system
- modular work holding system
- monitoring system
- monorail material handling system
- motor position sensing system
- mounting system
- MPM system
- MRC system
- MRP system
- MS-DOS system
- multiaxis laser system
- multimachine system
- multimedia system
- multinetwork system
- multipallet system
- multiple computer system
- multiple laser technology system
- multiple pallet changer system
- multiple pallet handling system
- multiple parts feeding system
- multiple sensory system
- multiple spindle head handling-and-changing system
- multiple system of indexing
- multiple-gun spraying system
- multipoint lubrication system
- multipoint network control system
- multiprocessing system
- multiprocessor NC system
- multiprocessor system
- multiproduct manufacturing system
- multiprofile tool system
- multiprogramming system
- multirobot system
- multisensor system
- multiserver queueing system
- multistage system
- multitasking control system
- multiterminal system
- multiuser system
- multivendor information system
- multiwindowing software system
- Nagare system
- narrowly defined expert system
- national information system
- navigation system
- NC contouring system
- NC machine system
- NC part-programming system
- NC system
- NC tooling system
- NC/TP system
- nesting system
- network computer system
- network switching system
- network system
- noise diagnostic system
- noncircular copy-turning system
- noncompensated system
- noncontact laser marking system
- noncontact microwave system
- nonexpert system
- non-NC system
- numerical computer control system
- numerical contour control system
- numerical control system
- numerically controlled tool point system
- object-oriented system
- office system
- office-based programming system
- off-line adviser-type expert system
- off-line programming system
- off-line system
- off-the-shelf system
- oil mist system
- oil scavenge system
- oil system
- oil wash system
- oil-recirculating system
- oligarchical manufacturing system
- OLP system
- one man/one machine system
- one man-one operation-one job system
- one-machine flexible system
- one-piece tape spar-measuring system
- one-shot lubrication system
- on-line information system
- on-line process system
- on-line retrieval system
- on-line system
- on-line tool control system
- on-machine gaging system
- on-machine probing system
- on-off control system
- open architecture system
- open cooling system
- open system
- open-front system
- open-loop control system
- operating system
- operational system
- operator guidance system
- operator-controlled NC system
- optical detection system
- optical laser ranging system
- optical MAP system
- optical measurement/inspection system
- optical recognition system
- optical system for laser processing
- optical tracer backup system
- optical transmission system
- opti-feed system
- optimal-position control system
- order-driven system
- order-entry system
- order-picking system
- oscillating system
- oscillatory system
- out-feed system
- output collecting system
- overall system
- p.-t.-p. NC system
- package confinement system
- paging system
- pallet conveyor system
- pallet gripper system
- pallet ID system
- pallet storage system
- pallet storage/changer system
- pallet/platen transfer system
- pallet/robot flexible-machining system
- pallet-based materials handling system
- pallet-based system
- pallet-changer system
- pallet-coding system
- pallet-handling system
- palletized tool magazine system
- pallet-loading system
- pallet-moving system
- pallet-shuttle change system
- pallet-transfer system
- pallet-transport system
- paperless NC system
- parallel force system
- parallel lubrication system
- parametric CNC system
- part flow system
- part handling-and-storage system
- part program-editing system
- part queue system
- part-conveying system
- partial laser system
- part-programming system
- part-retrieval system
- passively mode-locked laser system
- path control system of a machine
- path control system
- pattern recognition system
- pattern tracing system
- pattern-directed system
- PC system
- PC-based CAD system
- PC-based vision system
- pendant-mounted CNC system
- perceptual system
- permanent electro system
- personal computer-based robotic vision system
- phase switching control system
- photogrammetric vision system
- photooptic tracing system
- photooptical tracing system
- piece rate system
- plane system of forces
- planner-oriented system
- plant-integration system
- platen system
- platform-independent CAM system
- playback system
- plugboard control system
- plugboard programming system
- point-to-point system
- popular laser system
- position control system
- positioning control system
- postprocess inspection system
- postprocess system
- postprocess-feedback gaging system
- potentiometer-setting system
- power generating system
- power system
- powered clamping system
- powered track system
- powerful robot system
- precision positioning system
- predictive machinability system
- predictive maintenance system
- pre-emptive system
- pregaging system
- preload system
- preset tooling system
- presetting system
- prismatic flexible manufacturing system
- prismatic machining system
- probe communication system
- problem-oriented information system
- process planning system
- process-flexible system
- production control system
- production expert system
- production-monitoring system
- productions system
- product-testing system
- programmable automation system
- programmable control system
- programmable logic control system
- programmable power monitoring system
- programmed sequence control system
- programming system
- proof-of-concept system
- proprietary NC system
- propulsion system
- propulsive system
- protection system
- prototype system
- prototyping system
- pull system of production
- pull system
- punch tape NC system
- purpose-made materials feeding system
- push system
- qualitative system
- quality control system
- quality system
- quantity produced systems
- question-and-answer system
- question-answering system
- queuing system
- quick-change system
- quick-change workpiece-fixturing system
- quick-change-cutter system
- rack system
- rack-picking system
- rail-borne robotic handling system
- rail-guided transport system
- random mission system
- random mix system
- random order system
- ranging system
- readout system
- ready-to-go system
- real-time vision system
- recirculation system
- rectangular coordinate system
- rectangular triordinate system
- reeving system
- reference retrieval system
- reference system
- reflecting high-power beam optical system
- register system
- registration system
- relay ladder logic system
- reporting system
- reprographic system
- resolver system
- restraint system
- RETIC system
- retrieval system
- retrofit system
- return spring system
- RGV pallet delivery system
- rigid track workpiece transport system
- rigid transfer system
- robot control system
- robot gantry storage-and-retrieval system
- robot learning system
- robot parts-handling system
- robot system
- robot teaching system
- robot tool changing system
- robot-based turning system
- robotic system
- robotic vision system
- robotics CAD system
- robotized metalforming system
- robot-like inspection system
- robot-measuring system
- rod memory system
- roller system
- roll-generating system
- rotary transfer system
- rotary-type tool-mounting system
- rotational system
- routing-flexible system
- rule-based expert system
- running fail-safe system
- running system
- run-time system
- safety actuation system
- safety system
- scale back system
- seam tracking laser processing system
- seam-tracking system
- security system
- selective assembly system
- selective control system
- self-adapting system
- self-contained starting system
- self-contained system
- self-monitoring measuring system
- self-optimizing adaptive control system
- self-programming NC system
- self-teaching system
- self-test system
- sensing system
- sensor system
- sensor-based system
- sensory control system
- sensory feedback system
- sensory interactive system
- sensory-processing system
- sentence recognition system
- sequencing control system
- sequential control system
- series lubrication system
- service system
- servo control system
- servo drive system
- servo positioning system
- servo transducer system
- servo-controlled blade-feed-pressure system
- setting system
- SFP system
- shaft system
- shared tools system
- shopfloor communication message system
- shopfloor part-programming system
- shopfloor programming system
- shopfloor-programming control system
- short-closed oil system
- shuttle car system
- shuttle system
- shuttle-type container system
- side-loading pallet system
- sign system
- signature-analysis system
- silhouetting system
- single system
- single-board computer system
- single-cell system
- single-line lubrication system
- single-point lubrication system
- single-stage system
- single-tube system
- single-unit machining system
- single-variable system
- sinking system
- six-station pallet system
- size-monitoring system
- skidless system
- skid-type system
- small knowledge system
- small scale system
- small-batch manufacturing system
- sociotechnical system
- software-based system
- software-operating system
- solid model CAD system
- solid modeling system
- solids-based system
- sonic digitizing system
- space-monitoring sensor system
- special-purpose CNC system
- special-purpose material handling system
- speech-understanding system
- spindle airblast system
- spindle-probe system
- splash lubrication system
- split-type of tooling system
- spray lubrication system
- sprocket-chain system
- stabilization system
- stabilizing system
- stacking system
- stand-alone system
- standard control system
- standard unit system
- starting system
- statistical process control system
- steady-state system
- stepping motor drive system
- stocker system
- stocking system
- stop-bolt locking system
- storage system
- storage-and-retrieval system
- storage-retrieval system
- straight cut control system
- straight-line control system
- stress calculations infinite element system
- structurally stable system
- structurally unstable system
- stub-tooth system
- subloop system
- supervision system
- supervisory computer control system
- supervisory control system
- surface-measurement system
- surveillance system
- suspension system
- swarf conveyance system
- swarf-management system
- swarf-removal system
- switching system
- synthetic vision system
- system of dimensioning
- system of forces
- system of limits and fits
- system of quantities
- system of the machine retaining devices
- system of units
- tactile sensing system
- tailored NC system
- tailor-made system
- tape-oriented system
- target system
- teach system
- teachable-logic control system
- teaching system
- teach-mode programming system
- technology-intensive system
- telecommunication system
- telemetry gage system
- telemetry system
- teleoperated system
- telepresence system
- telerobotic system
- ten-station pallet system
- term system
- test system
- testing system
- text organizing system
- thermal control system
- thermal enclosure system
- thermal propulsion system
- thread measurement system
- thread measuring system
- three-dimensional CAM system
- three-dimensional coordinate system
- three-wire thread measuring system
- through feed system
- through-the-tool system
- time control system
- time cycle system
- time-shared system
- time-sharing NC programming system
- time-sharing system
- tool animation system
- tool breakage prevention system
- tool change system
- tool condition monitoring system
- tool coolant system
- tool deflection calibration system
- tool identification tag system
- tool life control system
- tool life management system
- tool magazine exchanger system
- tool management system
- tool position-compensating system
- tool shank cleaning system
- tool storage and transport system
- tool storage/management system
- tool-associated system
- tool-clamp system
- tool-holder-work system
- tool-ID system
- tooling AGV system
- tooling system
- tool-in-hand system
- tool-in-use system
- tool-machine system
- tool-monitoring system
- tool-mounting system
- tool-presetting system
- tool-probing system
- tool-to-turret connection system
- tool-transfer system
- torque-monitoring system
- total system
- total-loss lubrication system
- touch-probe digitizer system
- touch-probe digitizing system
- touch-probe system
- towline cart system
- towline conveyor system
- towline handling system
- towline material handling system
- towline transfer system
- tracer control system
- tracing system
- track system
- tracking/scheduling system
- track-monitoring system
- transfer system
- translating system
- transmission system
- transporter system
- traverse-metering system
- tray-type transfer system
- triangulation system
- tribomechanical system
- tri-level stocker system
- triordinate system
- trolley control system
- trouble-free control system
- T-slot system
- tuned system
- turning system
- turning-and-chucking system
- turnkey computer control system
- turnkey system
- turret probing system
- turret tooling system
- two-line lubrication system
- two-machine system
- two-pallet exchange system
- two-shift system
- two-tier inspection system
- unattended machining system
- unattended production system
- uncertain system
- unified system
- unit bore system
- unit system
- unit-build system
- unit-load automated storage and retrieval system
- unit-load system
- UNIX-based 32-bit computer system
- unmonitored control system
- unstable system
- user identification system
- user's CAD system
- V coding system
- vacuum system
- variable pallet system
- variable-coefficient system
- variable-gain ACC system
- variable-mission system
- versatile data acquisition system
- vertical carousel system
- vertical rotating warehouse system
- vibration system
- vibratory system
- video measuring system
- video-based measurement system
- viewing system
- virtual design system
- virtual storage system
- vision guidance system
- vision metrology system
- vision optical system
- vision sensor system
- vision system
- vision tool-presetting system
- vision-based inspection system
- vision-based system
- visual computing system
- visual inspection system
- VME-based system
- voice data entry system
- voice system
- voice-input system
- volume-flexible system
- volume-metric lubrication system
- voluntary standards system
- warehousing system
- warning protection system
- warning system
- wash system
- waste material treatment system
- watchdog system
- waterjet system
- way-lubrication system
- wedge-locked tool clamping system
- wheelhead-measuring system
- windowing system
- wire-cut system
- wire-frame CAD system
- wire-guided transport system
- wire-guided trolley routing system
- word recognition system
- work infeed system
- work transfer system
- work transport system
- workhandling system
- work-holding system
- workpiece-cleaning system
- workstation-oriented CNC system
- zero error position system

English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > system
10 DOL
концентрация растворённого кислорода
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]

Тематики
- энергетика в целом
EN
Министерство труда (США)
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]

Тематики
- энергетика в целом
EN
- Department of Labor
- DOL
прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
Пуск вращающегося электродвигателя путем непосредственного подключения его к питающей сети.
[ ГОСТ 27471-87]

EN

direct-on-line starting
across-the-line starting (US)
the process of starting a motor by connecting it directly to the supply at rated voltage
[IEV number 411-52-15]

FR

démarrage direct
mode de démarrage d'un moteur, consistant à lui appliquer directement sa pleine tension assignée
[IEV number 411-52-15]

Рис. ABB
Схема прямого пуска электродвигателя

Magnetic only circuit-breaker - Автоматический выключатель с электромагнитным расцепителем

Contactor KL - Контактор KL

Thermal relay - Тепловое реле

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Direct-on-line starting

Direct-on-line starting, which is often abbreviated as DOL, is perhaps the most traditional system and consists in connecting the motor directly to the supply network, thus carrying out starting at full voltage.

Direct-on-line starting represents the simplest and the most economical system to start a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor and it is the most used.

As represented in Figure 5, it provides the direct connection to the supply network and therefore starting is carried out at full voltage and with constant frequency, developing a high starting torque with very reduced acceleration times.

The typical applications are relevant to small power motors also with full load starting.

These advantages are linked to some problems such as, for example, the high inrush current, which - in the first instants - can reach values of about 10 to 12 times the rated current, then can decrease to about 6 to 8 times the rated current and can persist to reach the maximum torque speed.

The effects of such currents can be identified with the high electro-dynamical stresses on the motor connection cables and could affect also the windings of the motor itself; besides, the high inrush torques can cause violent accelerations which stress the transmission components (belts and joints) generating distribution problems with a reduction in the mechanical life of these elements.

Finally, also the possible electrical problems due to voltage drops on the supply line of the motor or of the connected equipment must be taken into consideration.
[ABB]

Прямой пуск

Прямой пуск, который по-английски часто сокращенно обозначают как DOL, является, пожалуй наиболее распространенным способом пуска. Он заключается в непосредственном (т. е. прямом) подключении двигателя к питающей сети. Это означает, что пуск двигателя осуществляется при полном напряжении.

Схема прямого пуска является наиболее простым, экономичным и чаще всего применяемым решением для электродвигателей с короткозамкнутым ротором.

Схема прямого подключения к сети представлена на рисунке 5. Пуск осуществляется при полном напряжении и постоянной частоте сети. Электродвигатель развивает высокий пусковой момент при коротком времени разгона.

Типичные области применения – маломощные электродвигатели, в том числе с пуском при полной нагрузке.

Однако, наряду с преимуществами имеются и определенные недостатки, например, бросок пускового тока, достигающий в первоначальный момент 10…12-кратного значения от номинального тока электродвигателя. Затем ток двигателя уменьшается примерно до 6…8-кратного значения номинального тока и будет держаться на этом уровне до тех пор, пока скорость двигателя не достигнет максимального значения.

Такое изменение тока оказывает значительное электродинамическое воздействие на кабель, подключенный к двигателю. Кроме того пусковой ток воздействует на обмотки двигателя. Высокий начальный пусковой момент может привести к значительному ускорению и следовательно к значительной нагрузке элементов привода (ремней, крепления узлов), что вызывает сокращение их срока службы.

И, наконец, следует принять во внимание возможное возникновение проблем, связанных с падением напряжения в линии питания двигателя и подключенного к этой линии оборудования.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
Синонимы
- прямой пуск
EN
DE
- Anlauf mit direktem Einschalten
FR
- démarrage direct
пускатель прямого действия
Пускатель, одноступенчато подающий сетевое напряжение на выводы двигателя.
(МЭС 441-14-40)
[ ГОСТ Р 50030.4.1-2002 (МЭК 60947-4-1-2000)]

Пускатели переменного тока для прямого непосредственного пуска (с полным напряжением)
Пускатели, предназначенные для пуска двигателя, разгона его до номинальной скорости, защиты двигателя и подключенных к нему цепей от рабочих перегрузок и отключения питания двигателя.
[ ГОСТ Р 50030.4.1-2002 (МЭК 60947-4-1-2000)]

EN

direct-on-line starter
a starter which connects the line voltage across the motor terminals in one step
[IEV number 441-14-40]

FR

démarreur direct
démarreur qui applique la tension d'alimentation sur les bornes du moteur en une seule manoeuvre
[IEV number 441-14-40]

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Direct-on-line starters
Starters which connect the line voltage across the motor terminals in one step, intended to start and accelerate a motor to normal speed.
They shall ensure switching and protection functions as prescribed in the general definition.
[ABB]

Пускатели прямого действия
Пускатели, одноступенчато подающие сетевое напряжение на зажимы двигателя и предназначенные для его пуска и разгона до номинальной скорости.
Кроме того, они должны обеспечивать коммутацию и защиту в соответствии с общим определением.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
- контакторы и пускатели
- управление электродвигателями
EN
DE
- Motorstarter zum direkten Einschalten
FR
- démarreur direct
эффект операционного рычага
эффект производственного рычага
Эффект операционного рычага - выражение того факта, что любое изменение выручки от реализации порождает изменение прибыли. Сила воздействия операционного рычага вычисляется как частное от деления выручки от реализации после возмещения переменных затрат на прибыль.
[ http://www.lexikon.ru/dict/fin/a.html]

Тематики
- экономика
Синонимы
- эффект производственного рычага
EN
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > DOL
11 direct starting
1. прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
2. прямой пуск
прямой пуск
—
[Я.Н.Лугинский, М.С.Фези-Жилинская, Ю.С.Кабиров. Англо-русский словарь по электротехнике и электроэнергетике, Москва, 1999 г.]

Тематики
- электротехника, основные понятия
EN
- direct starting
прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
Пуск вращающегося электродвигателя путем непосредственного подключения его к питающей сети.
[ ГОСТ 27471-87]

EN

direct-on-line starting
across-the-line starting (US)
the process of starting a motor by connecting it directly to the supply at rated voltage
[IEV number 411-52-15]

FR

démarrage direct
mode de démarrage d'un moteur, consistant à lui appliquer directement sa pleine tension assignée
[IEV number 411-52-15]

Рис. ABB
Схема прямого пуска электродвигателя

Magnetic only circuit-breaker - Автоматический выключатель с электромагнитным расцепителем

Contactor KL - Контактор KL

Thermal relay - Тепловое реле

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Direct-on-line starting

Direct-on-line starting, which is often abbreviated as DOL, is perhaps the most traditional system and consists in connecting the motor directly to the supply network, thus carrying out starting at full voltage.

Direct-on-line starting represents the simplest and the most economical system to start a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor and it is the most used.

As represented in Figure 5, it provides the direct connection to the supply network and therefore starting is carried out at full voltage and with constant frequency, developing a high starting torque with very reduced acceleration times.

The typical applications are relevant to small power motors also with full load starting.

These advantages are linked to some problems such as, for example, the high inrush current, which - in the first instants - can reach values of about 10 to 12 times the rated current, then can decrease to about 6 to 8 times the rated current and can persist to reach the maximum torque speed.

The effects of such currents can be identified with the high electro-dynamical stresses on the motor connection cables and could affect also the windings of the motor itself; besides, the high inrush torques can cause violent accelerations which stress the transmission components (belts and joints) generating distribution problems with a reduction in the mechanical life of these elements.

Finally, also the possible electrical problems due to voltage drops on the supply line of the motor or of the connected equipment must be taken into consideration.
[ABB]

Прямой пуск

Прямой пуск, который по-английски часто сокращенно обозначают как DOL, является, пожалуй наиболее распространенным способом пуска. Он заключается в непосредственном (т. е. прямом) подключении двигателя к питающей сети. Это означает, что пуск двигателя осуществляется при полном напряжении.

Схема прямого пуска является наиболее простым, экономичным и чаще всего применяемым решением для электродвигателей с короткозамкнутым ротором.

Схема прямого подключения к сети представлена на рисунке 5. Пуск осуществляется при полном напряжении и постоянной частоте сети. Электродвигатель развивает высокий пусковой момент при коротком времени разгона.

Типичные области применения – маломощные электродвигатели, в том числе с пуском при полной нагрузке.

Однако, наряду с преимуществами имеются и определенные недостатки, например, бросок пускового тока, достигающий в первоначальный момент 10…12-кратного значения от номинального тока электродвигателя. Затем ток двигателя уменьшается примерно до 6…8-кратного значения номинального тока и будет держаться на этом уровне до тех пор, пока скорость двигателя не достигнет максимального значения.

Такое изменение тока оказывает значительное электродинамическое воздействие на кабель, подключенный к двигателю. Кроме того пусковой ток воздействует на обмотки двигателя. Высокий начальный пусковой момент может привести к значительному ускорению и следовательно к значительной нагрузке элементов привода (ремней, крепления узлов), что вызывает сокращение их срока службы.

И, наконец, следует принять во внимание возможное возникновение проблем, связанных с падением напряжения в линии питания двигателя и подключенного к этой линии оборудования.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
Синонимы
- прямой пуск
EN
DE
- Anlauf mit direktem Einschalten
FR
- démarrage direct
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > direct starting
12 direct operation of a motor
1. прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
Пуск вращающегося электродвигателя путем непосредственного подключения его к питающей сети.
[ ГОСТ 27471-87]

EN

direct-on-line starting
across-the-line starting (US)
the process of starting a motor by connecting it directly to the supply at rated voltage
[IEV number 411-52-15]

FR

démarrage direct
mode de démarrage d'un moteur, consistant à lui appliquer directement sa pleine tension assignée
[IEV number 411-52-15]

Рис. ABB
Схема прямого пуска электродвигателя

Magnetic only circuit-breaker - Автоматический выключатель с электромагнитным расцепителем

Contactor KL - Контактор KL

Thermal relay - Тепловое реле

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Direct-on-line starting

Direct-on-line starting, which is often abbreviated as DOL, is perhaps the most traditional system and consists in connecting the motor directly to the supply network, thus carrying out starting at full voltage.

Direct-on-line starting represents the simplest and the most economical system to start a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor and it is the most used.

As represented in Figure 5, it provides the direct connection to the supply network and therefore starting is carried out at full voltage and with constant frequency, developing a high starting torque with very reduced acceleration times.

The typical applications are relevant to small power motors also with full load starting.

These advantages are linked to some problems such as, for example, the high inrush current, which - in the first instants - can reach values of about 10 to 12 times the rated current, then can decrease to about 6 to 8 times the rated current and can persist to reach the maximum torque speed.

The effects of such currents can be identified with the high electro-dynamical stresses on the motor connection cables and could affect also the windings of the motor itself; besides, the high inrush torques can cause violent accelerations which stress the transmission components (belts and joints) generating distribution problems with a reduction in the mechanical life of these elements.

Finally, also the possible electrical problems due to voltage drops on the supply line of the motor or of the connected equipment must be taken into consideration.
[ABB]

Прямой пуск

Прямой пуск, который по-английски часто сокращенно обозначают как DOL, является, пожалуй наиболее распространенным способом пуска. Он заключается в непосредственном (т. е. прямом) подключении двигателя к питающей сети. Это означает, что пуск двигателя осуществляется при полном напряжении.

Схема прямого пуска является наиболее простым, экономичным и чаще всего применяемым решением для электродвигателей с короткозамкнутым ротором.

Схема прямого подключения к сети представлена на рисунке 5. Пуск осуществляется при полном напряжении и постоянной частоте сети. Электродвигатель развивает высокий пусковой момент при коротком времени разгона.

Типичные области применения – маломощные электродвигатели, в том числе с пуском при полной нагрузке.

Однако, наряду с преимуществами имеются и определенные недостатки, например, бросок пускового тока, достигающий в первоначальный момент 10…12-кратного значения от номинального тока электродвигателя. Затем ток двигателя уменьшается примерно до 6…8-кратного значения номинального тока и будет держаться на этом уровне до тех пор, пока скорость двигателя не достигнет максимального значения.

Такое изменение тока оказывает значительное электродинамическое воздействие на кабель, подключенный к двигателю. Кроме того пусковой ток воздействует на обмотки двигателя. Высокий начальный пусковой момент может привести к значительному ускорению и следовательно к значительной нагрузке элементов привода (ремней, крепления узлов), что вызывает сокращение их срока службы.

И, наконец, следует принять во внимание возможное возникновение проблем, связанных с падением напряжения в линии питания двигателя и подключенного к этой линии оборудования.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
Синонимы
- прямой пуск
EN
DE
- Anlauf mit direktem Einschalten
FR
- démarrage direct
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > direct operation of a motor
13 full voltage starter application
1. прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
прямой пуск вращающегося электродвигателя
Пуск вращающегося электродвигателя путем непосредственного подключения его к питающей сети.
[ ГОСТ 27471-87]

EN

direct-on-line starting
across-the-line starting (US)
the process of starting a motor by connecting it directly to the supply at rated voltage
[IEV number 411-52-15]

FR

démarrage direct
mode de démarrage d'un moteur, consistant à lui appliquer directement sa pleine tension assignée
[IEV number 411-52-15]

Рис. ABB
Схема прямого пуска электродвигателя

Magnetic only circuit-breaker - Автоматический выключатель с электромагнитным расцепителем

Contactor KL - Контактор KL

Thermal relay - Тепловое реле

Параллельные тексты EN-RU

Direct-on-line starting

Direct-on-line starting, which is often abbreviated as DOL, is perhaps the most traditional system and consists in connecting the motor directly to the supply network, thus carrying out starting at full voltage.

Direct-on-line starting represents the simplest and the most economical system to start a squirrel-cage asynchronous motor and it is the most used.

As represented in Figure 5, it provides the direct connection to the supply network and therefore starting is carried out at full voltage and with constant frequency, developing a high starting torque with very reduced acceleration times.

The typical applications are relevant to small power motors also with full load starting.

These advantages are linked to some problems such as, for example, the high inrush current, which - in the first instants - can reach values of about 10 to 12 times the rated current, then can decrease to about 6 to 8 times the rated current and can persist to reach the maximum torque speed.

The effects of such currents can be identified with the high electro-dynamical stresses on the motor connection cables and could affect also the windings of the motor itself; besides, the high inrush torques can cause violent accelerations which stress the transmission components (belts and joints) generating distribution problems with a reduction in the mechanical life of these elements.

Finally, also the possible electrical problems due to voltage drops on the supply line of the motor or of the connected equipment must be taken into consideration.
[ABB]

Прямой пуск

Прямой пуск, который по-английски часто сокращенно обозначают как DOL, является, пожалуй наиболее распространенным способом пуска. Он заключается в непосредственном (т. е. прямом) подключении двигателя к питающей сети. Это означает, что пуск двигателя осуществляется при полном напряжении.

Схема прямого пуска является наиболее простым, экономичным и чаще всего применяемым решением для электродвигателей с короткозамкнутым ротором.

Схема прямого подключения к сети представлена на рисунке 5. Пуск осуществляется при полном напряжении и постоянной частоте сети. Электродвигатель развивает высокий пусковой момент при коротком времени разгона.

Типичные области применения – маломощные электродвигатели, в том числе с пуском при полной нагрузке.

Однако, наряду с преимуществами имеются и определенные недостатки, например, бросок пускового тока, достигающий в первоначальный момент 10…12-кратного значения от номинального тока электродвигателя. Затем ток двигателя уменьшается примерно до 6…8-кратного значения номинального тока и будет держаться на этом уровне до тех пор, пока скорость двигателя не достигнет максимального значения.

Такое изменение тока оказывает значительное электродинамическое воздействие на кабель, подключенный к двигателю. Кроме того пусковой ток воздействует на обмотки двигателя. Высокий начальный пусковой момент может привести к значительному ускорению и следовательно к значительной нагрузке элементов привода (ремней, крепления узлов), что вызывает сокращение их срока службы.

И, наконец, следует принять во внимание возможное возникновение проблем, связанных с падением напряжения в линии питания двигателя и подключенного к этой линии оборудования.
[Перевод Интент]

Тематики
Синонимы
- прямой пуск
EN
DE
- Anlauf mit direktem Einschalten
FR
- démarrage direct
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > full voltage starter application
14 water

1) = quick olive coupling for compressed air

2) вода; II поливать, орошать; увлажнять; мочить; смачивать

- water-absorbing

- water-absorption test

- water bag

- water-ballasted tyre

- water-bearing

- water-bound broken-stone road

- water-bound macadam

- water brake

- water bucket

- water buggy tyre

- water by-pass
- water capacity - water capacity of cooling system
- water chamber

- water check valve

- water-circulating pipes
- water-circulating pump - water circulation - water-circulation gauge - water cistern - water column - water column pressure - water-cooled
- water-cooled brake

- water-cooled exhaust manifold

- water-cooled valve

- water cooler

- water cooling

- water-cooling system
- water delivery - water-desalination apparatus - water discharge - water-discharge line - water drain connection
- water drive

- water elevator
- water engine - water filter - water from combustion - water furrowing plough - water gas - water-gas generator - water-gas plant
- water gauge

- water hardening

- water header

- water heater

- water hole

- water hose
- water injection - water inlet gasket - water inlet hose - water inlet hose clamp - water inlet manifold
- water jacket

- water jacket cover plate
- water jacket plug - water jacket side cover - water jacket space - water jacket top cover
- water-jacketed carburetor

- water jet
- water leak - water leakage - water level - water-level float
- water-level indicator

- water-level scale
- water lift - water line - water meter - water nozzle - water obstacle - water outlet connection - water outlet manifold
- water passage

- water pipe
- water pipe hose - water pipe hose clip - water pit - water pocket - water point - water press - water pressure - water-proof - water propeller - water propeller shaft - water propeller transfer case
- water pump

- water pump body

- water pump coupling
- water pump elbow - water pump gland flange - water pump gland nut - water pump gland ring - water pump impeller - water pump packing - water pump shaft gear
- water pump spring

- water pump suction pipe
- water pump vane
- water purification vehicle

- water purifier
- water-quenched
- water ram

- water ratio
- water recovery - water removal - water-repellant
- water-resistance test

- water-resistant
- water-resisting properties
- water-sealed bearing

- water sedimentation
- water segregator - water-separator - water sieve - water situation
- water softener

- water softening
- water space - water splash
- water sprayer

- water sprinkler
- water sprinkler tank - water supply - water supply line - water system - water tank
- water test

- water test unit

- water trailer

- water trap
- water treatment - water-truck - water-tube boiler - water tube sludge - water under the keel - aerated water - agricultural water consumption - catch-water - dead water - earth water - earthy water - fleet water - flood water - gas water heater - ground water - high water - leakage water - melt water - mixing water heater - process water supply - sewage water - surface water heater - subsoil water - tube water heater

Англо-русский словарь по машиностроению > water
15 water

1
water-bearing
water-cooled
water-eroded
water-hardened
water-repellent
water-resistant
water-saving
water-soluble

2
water absorption capacity
water accumulator
water-activated battery
water adit
water analysis kit
water authority
water balance
water barrier
water-based backing adhesive
water-based mud
water-based paint
water-based sludge
water bath
water bath evaporator
water-bearing stratum
water box
water budget
water bus
water butt
water can
water carriage
water-carrying capacity
water catchment
water-cement ratio
water channel
water chiller
water-cleansing plant
water clearance
water cock
water conditioning
water conditioning process
water conduit
water conservation
water container
water content
water-cooled air-conditioning unit
water-cooled condenser
water-cooled engine
water-cooled furnace
water-cooled heat trap
water-cooled reactor
water-cooled retort
water-cooled system
water-cooled transformer
water-cooled tube
water cooling cascade
water curtain
water decomposition under irradiation
water deficiency
water defrosting
water delivery
water detector
water distribution
water drain cock
water drive
water enamel
water equivalent
water erosion
water extraction structure
water fall height
water feed
water filter
water finish
water-finished board
water-finished paper
water finishing
water fire-extinguisher
water fitting
water flooding
water flow rate
water gage
water gallery
water gap
water gas
water gate
water gauge
water glass
water gradient pressure
water hammer
water hardness
water heater
water hose
water hydrant
water indicator
water inflow
water ingress
water injection
water injection compressor
water inlet
water intake
water jacket
water jet
water jet propulsion
water knockout
water lacquer
water law
water-leakage alarm
water level
water-level indicator
water line
water lines
water-logging
water lorry
water main
water meter
water-oil ratio
water outlet
water outlet port
water parting
water permeability
water pipe
water plug
water pollutant
water pollution
water port
water power
water power station
water pressure
water propeller
water pump
water pump housing
water purification
water purification filter
water purifier
water quality
water quality monitoring
water quenching
water ram
water ratio
water-regulating valve
water repellency
water-repellent coat
water-repellent finish
water-repellent impregnation means
water reservoir
water resource development project
water resources study
water retention
water ring
water sampler
water saturation
water screw
water slurry
water softener
water softening
water-soluble flux
water spray system
water stain
water storage coefficient
water strainer
water supplier
water supply
water supply line
water supply pipe
water swivel
water system
water table
water table fluctuation
water tank
water tanker
water tap
water temperature gage
water temperature gauge
water thermostat
water tide
water tower
water transport
water treatment
water treatment plant
water truck
water tube
water tube boiler
water turbine
water under pressure
water-use efficiency
water valve
water valve for firefighting
water vapor barrier
water vapor condensation test
water vapour barrier
water vapour condensation test
water wheel

3
water-free

4 vt

AGRIC abrevar, regar

CHEM diluir con agua

CONST to sprinkle, irrigate regar

HYDROL abrevar

WATER aguar, abrevar, regar
water-cool

5 vi

WATER tomar agua

English-Spanish technical dictionary > water
16 single

1
single-colored
single-coloured
single-cotton-covered
single-hull
single-layer
single-paper-covered
single-phase
single-pole
single-rubber-covered

2
single acoustic source
single acting compressor
single acting servomotor
single address
single-address instruction
single-aisle aircraft
single-angle cutter
single-angular cutter
single-anode rectifier
single-anode tube
single bag
single-balanced mixer
single-bath developer
single-bay enclosure
single-beam cathode ray tube
single-beam spectrophotometer
single-beam tube
single bituminous surface treatment
single blackwall hitch
single blade shutter
single-blast circular bellows
single-bolt clamping
single-break contact
single broad
single-buoy mooring
single-camera extension
single-channel amplifier
single-channel carrier
single channel per carrier
single-channel protocol
single-coated paper
single-coil latching relay
single-conductor cable
single-conductor wire
single-cord switchboard
single-core cable
single-crop farming
single crystal
single-crystal growth
single-crystal semiconductor
single-cylinder engine
single day tide
single-decked pallet
single-decked ship
single delivery
single diamond crossing with slips
single-diffusion process
single digit dialing
single digit dialling
single-distributor line-composing machine
single-distributor machine
single drive circuit
single dry plate clutch
single earth
single effect evaporator
single-element shipping cask
single-end sizing
single-ended amplifier
single-ended crystal mixer
single-ended operation
single-ended output
single-ended spanner
single-ended tube
single escape peak
single-expansion engine
single-faced pallet
single feeder
single-fiber cable
single-fiber line
single-fibre cable
single-fibre line
single-flanged traveling wheel
single-flanged travelling wheel
single flotation
single-flue boiler
single frame
single-frame filming
single-frequency laser
single-frequency operation
single-geared lathe
single-gob feeding
single-gob process
single-grid tube
single ground
single-gun storage tube
single head system
single-heterojunction laser diode
single impression mold
single impression mould
single inlet fan
single in-line memory module
single in-line package
single jersey
single-jet injection nozzle
single-layer ceramic capacitor
single-layer film
single-leaf damper
single lens
single-lens reflex camera
single-level masking structure
single-level polysilicon process
single-level resonance
single-line diagram
single-line token
single-line working
single linear inductor motor
single lock
single-longitudinal mode
single Matthew Walker
single-mode cable
single-mode fiber
single-mode fibre
single-mode optical fiber
single-mode optical fibre
single-mode optical integrated circuit
single and multilayer glass
single-notch joint
single-output power supply
single-output switching power supply
single overlap
single-pair cable
single perforation film
single-phase bridge rectifier
single-phase current
single-phase electric current
single-phase induction motor
single-phase machine
single-phase motor
single-phase supply
single-phase transformer
single-phase winding
single pilot instrument rating
single-pitch roof
single plane iron
single-plate rudder
single-platform pallet
single-ply board
single-point bonding
single-point mooring
single-pole double-throw switch
single-pole single-throw relay
single-pole single-throw switch
single-pole switch
single portion
single portion packaging machine
single precision
single primary-type linear motor
single-processor common-control system
single pulse
single-pulse signal
single-riveted butt joint
single-riveted lap joint
single rotor
single scan key
single-screw ship
single-seated valve
single-section filter
single-segment message
single-server queue
single-sheet thickness
single-side claw
single sideband
single-sideband filter
single-sideband modulation
single-sideband modulator
single-sideband signal
single-sideband transmission
single-sided disc
single-sided disk
single-sided distribution frame
single-sided printed circuit
single-size gravel aggregate
single slot
single-slot module
single-stage amplifier
single-stage compression
single-stage compressor
single-stage pumping
single-stage turbine
single-stamp mill
single-step operation
single-stroke lever
single stud
single supply
single-supply voltage
single system
single tackle
single-thickness sheet glass
single-thickness window glass
single-threaded screw
single-throw relay
single-throw switch
single-track line
single-trip bottle
single turn encoder
single-type composing and casting machine
single-user access
single-wave rectification
single-way modulator
single-way rectifier
single-weight paper
single-wire cable conductor
single-wire system

3
single up

English-Spanish technical dictionary > single
17 near cash

!

гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

Introduction

This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.

Principles of the framework

The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:
"
consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;
" "
the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;
" "
strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and
"
the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.

The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:
"
the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and
"
the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.

Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.

Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)

The framework for public expenditure is divided between
"
Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and
"
Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.

More information about DEL and AME is set out below.

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Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL)

In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.

To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.

Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.

Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.

There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.

Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME)

AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.

AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.

AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.

Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.

Total Managed Expenditure

Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.

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Resource Accounting and Budgeting ( RAB)

Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets.
"
Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest.
"
Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:
"
Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and
"
Administration Budgets (see below)

Administration Budgets

The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.

Spending Reviews

The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.

The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.

Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.

The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:
"
provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;
" "
enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;
" "
introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and
"
not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.

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Comprehensive Spending Review 2007

To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.

A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:
"
an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;
" "
an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;
" "
to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with
"
further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.

The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.

Obtaining good performance

Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.

The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.

Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.

Departmental Investment Strategies (DISs)

To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.

This document was updated on 19 December 2005.

Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money

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GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money
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GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money

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GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.

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64Managing Public Money

Англо-русский экономический словарь > near cash
18 control

1) управление; регулирование || управлять; регулировать

2) контроль || контролировать

3) управляющее устройство; устройство управления; регулятор

4) профессиональное мастерство, квалификация, техническая квалификация

5) pl органы управления

•

control by measurement — измерительный контроль

"in control" — "в поле допуска" ( о результатах измерения)

to control closed loop — управлять в замкнутой системе; регулировать в замкнутой системе

to control open loop — управлять в разомкнутой системе; регулировать в разомкнутой системе

to program at the control — готовить УП у станка

- 2 1/2 D control
- 2-handed controls
- 32-bit CPU control
- acceptance control
- access control
- acknowledge control
- active process control
- adaptable control
- adaptive constraint control
- adaptive control for optimization
- adaptive control
- adaptive feed rate control
- adaptive quality control
- adjustable feed control
- adjustable rotary control
- adjustable speed control
- adjusting control
- adjustment control
- AI control
- air logic control
- analog data distribution and control
- analogical control
- analytical control
- application control
- arrows-on-curves control
- autodepth control
- autofeed control
- automated control of a document management system
- automated technical control
- automatic backlash control
- automatic control
- automatic editing control
- automatic gain control
- automatic gripper control
- automatic level control
- automatic process closed loop control
- automatic remote control
- automatic sensitivity control
- automatic sequence control
- automatic speed control
- automatic stability controls
- auxiliaries control
- balanced controls
- band width control
- bang-bang control
- bang-bang-off control
- basic CNC control
- batch control
- bibliographic control
- bin level control
- boost control
- built-in control
- button control
- cam control
- cam throttle control
- camshaft control
- carriage control
- Cartesian path control
- Cartesian space control
- cascade control
- C-axis spindle control
- cell control
- center control
- central control
- central supervisory control
- centralized control
- centralized electronic control
- central-station control
- changeover control
- chip control
- circumferential register control
- close control
- closed cycle control
- closed loop control
- closed loop machine control
- closed loop manual control
- closed loop numerical control
- closed loop position control
- clutch control
- CNC control
- CNC indexer control
- CNC programmable control
- CNC symbolic conversational control
- CNC/CRT control
- CNC/MDI control
- coarse control
- coded current control
- coded current remote control
- color control
- combination control
- command-line control
- compensatory control
- composition control
- compound control
- computed-current control
- computed-torque control
- computer control
- computer numerical control
- computer process control
- computer-aided measurement and control
- computer-integrated manufacturing control
- computerized control
- computerized numerical control
- computerized process control
- constant surface speed control
- constant value control
- contactless control
- contact-sensing control
- contamination control
- continuous control
- continuous path control
- continuous process control
- contour profile control
- contouring control
- conventional hardware control
- conventional numerical control
- conventional tape control
- convergent control
- conversational control
- conversational MDI control
- coordinate positioning control
- coordinate programmable control
- copymill control
- counter control
- crossed controls
- current control
- cycle control
- dash control
- data link control
- data storage control
- deadman's handle controls
- depth control
- derivative control
- dial-in control
- differential control
- differential gaging control
- differential gain control
- differential temperature control
- digital brushless servo control
- digital control
- digital position control
- digital readout controls
- dimensional control
- direct computer control
- direct control
- direct digital control
- direct numerical control
- direction control
- directional control
- dirt control
- discontinuous control
- discrete control
- discrete event control
- discrete logic controls
- dispatching control
- displacement control
- distance control
- distant control
- distributed control
- distributed numerical control
- distributed zone control
- distribution control
- dog control
- drum control
- dual control
- dual-mode control
- duplex control
- dust control
- dynamic control
- eccentric control
- edge position control
- EDP control
- electrical control
- electrofluidic control
- electromagnetic control
- electronic control
- electronic level control
- electronic speed control
- electronic swivel control
- elevating control
- emergency control
- end-point control
- engineering change control
- engineering control
- entity control
- environmental control
- error control
- error plus error-rate control
- error-free control
- external beam control
- factory-floor control
- false control
- feed control
- feed drive controls
- feedback control
- feed-forward control
- field control
- fine control
- finger-tip control
- firm-wired numerical control
- fixed control
- fixed-feature control
- fixture-and-tool control
- flexible-body control
- floating control
- flow control
- fluid flow control
- follow-up control
- foot pedal control
- force adaptive control
- forecasting compensatory control
- fork control
- four quadrant control
- freely programmable CNC control
- frequency control
- FROG control
- full computer control
- full order control
- full spindle control
- gage measurement control
- gain control
- ganged control
- gap control
- gear control
- generative numerical control
- generic path control
- geometric adaptive control
- graphic numerical control
- group control
- grouped control
- guidance control
- hairbreath control
- hand control
- hand feed control
- hand wheel control
- hand-held controls
- handle-type control
- hand-operated controls
- hardened computer control
- hardwared control
- hardwared numerical control
- heating control
- heterarchical control
- hierarchical control
- high-integrity control
- high-level robot control
- high-low control
- high-low level control
- high-technology control
- horizontal directional control
- humidity control
- hybrid control
- hydraulic control
- I/O control
- immediate postprocess control
- inching control
- in-cycle control
- independent control
- indexer control
- indirect control
- individual control
- industrial processing control
- industrial-style controls
- infinite control
- infinite speed control
- in-process control
- in-process size control
- in-process size diameters control
- input/output control
- integral CNC control
- integral control
- integrated control
- intelligent control
- interacting control
- interconnected controls
- interlinking control
- inventory control
- job control
- jogging control
- joint control
- joystick control
- just-in-time control
- language-based control
- laser health hazards control
- latching control
- lead control
- learning control
- lever control
- lever-operated control
- line motion control
- linear control
- linear path control
- linearity control
- load control
- load-frequency control
- local control
- local-area control
- logic control
- lubricating oil level control
- machine control
- machine programming control
- machine shop control
- macro control
- magnetic control
- magnetic tape control
- main computer control
- malfunction control
- management control
- manual control
- manual data input control
- manual stop control
- manually actuatable controls
- manufacturing change control
- manufacturing control
- master control
- material flow control
- MDI control
- measured response control
- mechanical control
- memory NC control
- memory-type control
- metering control
- metrological control of production field
- microbased control
- microcomputer CNC control
- microcomputer numerical control
- microcomputer-based sequence control
- microprocessor control
- microprocessor numerical control
- microprogrammed control
- microprogramming control
- milling control
- model reference adaptive control
- model-based control
- moisture control
- motion control
- motor control
- motor speed control
- mouse-driven control
- movable control
- multicircuit control
- multidiameter control
- multilevel control
- multimachine tool control
- multiple control
- multiple-processor control
- multiposition control
- multistep control
- multivariable control
- narrow-band proportional control
- navigation control
- NC control
- neural network adaptive control
- noise control
- noncorresponding control
- noninteracting control
- noninterfacing control
- nonreversable control
- nonsimultaneous control
- numerical contouring control
- numerical control
- numerical program control
- odd control
- off-line control
- oligarchical control
- on-board control
- one-axis point-to-point control
- one-dimensional point-to-point control
- on-line control
- on-off control
- open loop control
- open loop manual control
- open loop numerical control
- open-architecture control
- operating control
- operational control
- operator control
- optical pattern tracing control
- optimal control
- optimalizing control
- optimizing control
- oral numerical control
- organoleptic control
- overall control
- overheat control
- override control
- p. b. control
- palm control
- parameter adaptive control
- parameter adjustment control
- partial d.o.f. control
- path control
- pattern control
- pattern tracing control
- PC control
- PC-based control
- peg board control
- pendant control
- pendant-actuated control
- pendant-mounted control
- performance control
- photoelectric control
- physical alignment control
- PIC control
- PID control
- plugboard control
- plug-in control
- pneumatic control
- point-to-point control
- pose-to-pose control
- position/contouring numerical control
- position/force control
- positional control
- positioning control
- positive control
- postprocess quality control
- power adaptive control
- power control
- power feed control
- power-assisted control
- powered control
- power-operated control
- precision control
- predictor control
- preselective control
- preset control
- presetting control
- pressbutton control
- pressure control
- preview control
- process control
- process quality control
- production activity control
- production control
- production result control
- programmable adaptive control
- programmable cam control
- programmable control
- programmable logic adaptive control
- programmable logic control
- programmable machine control
- programmable microprocessor control
- programmable numerical control
- programmable sequence control
- proportional plus derivative control
- proportional plus floating control
- proportional plus integral control
- prototype control
- pulse control
- pulse duration control
- punched-tape control
- purpose-built control
- pushbutton control
- quality control
- radio remote control
- radium control
- rail-elevating control
- ram stroke control
- ram-positioning control
- rapid-traverse controls for the heads
- rate control
- ratio control
- reactive control
- real-time control
- reduced-order control
- register control
- registration control
- relay control
- relay-contactor control
- remote control
- remote program control
- remote switching control
- remote valve control
- remote-dispatch control
- resistance control
- resolved motion rate control
- retarded control
- reversal control
- revolution control
- rigid-body control
- robot control
- robot perimeter control
- robot teach control
- rod control
- safety control
- sampled-data control
- sampling control
- schedule control
- SCR's control
- second derivative control
- selective control
- selectivity control
- self-acting control
- self-adaptive control
- self-adjusting control
- self-aligning control
- self-operated control
- self-optimizing control
- self-programming microprocessor control
- semi-automatic control
- sensitivity control
- sensor-based control
- sequence control
- sequence-type control
- sequential control
- series-parallel control
- servo control
- servo speed control
- servomotor control
- servo-operated control
- set value control
- shaft speed control
- shape control
- shift control
- shop control
- shower and high-pressure oil temperature control
- shut off control
- sight control
- sign control
- single variable control
- single-flank control
- single-lever control
- size control
- slide control
- smooth control
- software-based NC control
- softwared numerical control
- solid-state logic control
- space-follow-up control
- speed control
- stabilizing control
- stable control
- standalone control
- start controls
- static control
- station control
- statistical quality control
- steering control
- step-by-step control
- stepless control
- stepped control
- stick control
- stock control
- stop controls
- stop-point control
- storage assignment control
- straight cut control
- straight line control
- stroke control
- stroke length control
- supervisor production control
- supervisory control
- swarf control
- switch control
- symbolic control
- synchronous data link control
- table control
- tap-depth controls
- tape control
- tape loop control
- teach controls
- temperature control
- temperature-humidity air control
- template control
- tension control
- test control
- thermal control
- thermostatic control
- three-axis contouring control
- three-axis point-to-point control
- three-axis tape control
- three-mode control
- three-position control
- throttle control
- thumbwheel control
- time control
- time cycle control
- time optimal control
- time variable control
- time-critical control
- time-proportional control
- timing control
- token-passing access control
- tool life control
- tool run-time control
- torque control
- total quality control
- touch-panel NC control
- touch-screen control
- tracer control
- tracer numerical control
- trajectory control
- triac control
- trip-dog control
- TRS/rate control
- tuning control
- turnstile control
- two-axis contouring control
- two-axis point-to-point control
- two-dimension control
- two-hand controls
- two-position control
- two-position differential gap control
- two-step control
- undamped control
- user-adjustable override controls
- user-programmable NC control
- variable flow control
- variable speed control
- variety control
- varying voltage control
- velocity-based look-ahead control
- vise control
- vision responsive control
- visual control
- vocabulary control
- vocal CNC control
- vocal numerical control
- voltage control
- warehouse control
- washdown control
- water-supply control
- welding control
- wheel control
- wide-band control
- zero set control
- zoned track control

English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > control
19 water

1) вода

2) водовозный
3) водоналивный
4) водоперепускный
5) водоподпорный
6) водопонижающий
7) водоприемный
8) водоуказательный
9) водоумягчающий
10) водоумягчительный
11) водяной
12) муарировать
13) споить
14) ватерный
15) водный
16) гидравлический
17) мочить
18) смачивать
– abrasive water
– acidic water
– activated water
– adsorbed water
– adsorption water
– aerated water
– aggressive water
– alkaline water
– ammonia water
– bath water
– bilge water
– boiler water
– bound water
– capillary water
– chemistry of water
– chlorinated water
– circulating water
– clarified water
– clarify water
– condition water
– crystal water
– deaerated water
– demineralized water
– deposit water
– depth water
– desalinate water
– desalinated water
– desalted water
– disinfection of water
– drain water
– drainage water
– edge water
– elevation of water
– entrapped water
– feed water
– film water
– free water
– hardness of water
– head water
– heating-system water
– heavy water
– high water
– hydration water
– impounded water
– industrial water
– infiltration water
– inject water
– interstitial water
– lay a cable in water
– light water
– lime water
– low water
– low water level
– low water line
– make-up water
– meteoric water
– millimeter of water
– mine water
– mineral water
– mineralized water
– natural water
– polluted water
– potable water
– power water
– pressure water
– process water
– pump out the water
– pure water
– purified water
– reclaimed water
– return water
– rinsing water
– running water
– seepage water
– settle water
– settling-vat water
– shield water
– ship by water
– shrinkage water
– soften water
– softened water
– soil water
– stagnant water
– steeping water
– storm water
– stratal water
– sulphate water
– superheated water
– surface water
– sweet water
– tail water
– tap water
– thermal water
– travel by water
– twice-distilled water
– underground water
– upstream water
– void water
– vulcanization in hot water
– waste water
– water absorbing
– water amelioration
– water area
– water balance
– water ballast
– water barge
– water bath
– water blancher
– water cadastre
– water carrier
– water chlorination
– water circulation
– water circulator
– water clarification
– water classifying
– water collection
– water column
– water concentration
– water conduit
– water conservation
– water cooler
– water cooling
– water deluting
– water discharge
– water disharge
– water displacing
– water droplet
– water equivalent
– water flow
– water gas
– water glass
– water hammer
– water hardening
– water heating
– water hose
– water ice
– water injection
– water intake
– water jacket
– water jet
– water landing
– water line
– water main
– water mass
– water of constitution
– water of plasticity
– water paint
– water permeable
– water pipe
– water preparation
– water pump
– water pumping
– water purification
– water receiving
– water regime
– water reservoir-cooler
– water scoop
– water seal
– water shutoff
– water side
– water softener
– water softening
– water sprays
– water suit
– water surface
– water tank
– water treatment
– water turbine
– water use rate
– water wall
– wet water meter

boiler water space — водяной объем котла

boiler water swell — набухание котловой воды

boiling water reactor — ядерный реактор с кипящей водой

boiling water sterilizer — дезинфекционный кипятильник

carbonate hardness of water — карбонатная жесткость воды

chemically bound water — химически связанная вода

circle water flooding — внутриконтурное заводнение

circulating water supply — оборотное водоснабжение

constriction water meter — дроссельный водомер

desalinate salty water — опреснять соленую воду

diaphragm water meter — диафрагмовый водомер

displacement water meter — объемный водомер

distant water trawler — траулер дальнего лова

domestic hot water converter — абонентский водоподогреватель

domestic water consumption — хозяйственное водопотребление

downstream water line — горизонт нижнего бьефа

drinking water consumption — питьевое водопотребление

drinking water pipe-line — питьевой водопровод

drinking water supply — питьевое водоснабжение

edge water flooding — законтурное заводнение

elevated water tank — водонапорный бак

fall of water surface — падение реки

fall of water table — понижение уровня воды

feed water heater — водонагреватель

field water capacity — полевая влагоемкость

free-flow water meter — безнапорный водомер

fresh water tank — цистерна пресной воды

grid water flooding — площадное заводнение

ground water artery — артерия грунтовых вод

ground water lowering — понижение уровня грунтовых вод

ground water table — уровень грунтовых вод

high water level — <geol.> горизонт высоких вод

interstitial bottom water — <energ.> вода пластовая

magnesia hardness of water — магнезиальная жесткость воды

magnesium hardness of water — магниевая жесткость воды

membrane water wall — плотный экран

membrane-type water wall — экран мембранного типа

meter of water column — метр водяного столба

middle water trawler — траулер средней дальности лова

mixing water heater — смесительный водоподогреватель

near water trawler — траулер ближнего лова

nutating-disk water meter — дисковый водомер

piston water meter — поршневой водомер

propeller water meter — винтовой водомер

public water consumption — коммунальное водопотребление

public water supply — коммунальное водоснабжение

refractory-face water wall — ошипованный экран

refractory-faced water wall — утепленный экран

release of impounded water — спуск запруженной воды

remove hardness of water — снижать жесткость воды

rotary water meter — ротационный водомер

service water level — рабочий горизонт воды

shallow water effect — влияние отмели

shallow water theory — теория длинных волн

side water wall — боковой экран

snow water on ice — <geogr.> лед со снежинцами

triple point or water — тройная точка воды

undergrond water storage — запас подземных вод

upstream water line — горизонт верхнего бьефа

vane water meter — крыльчатый водомер

velocity water meter — скоростной водомер

vessel ships water — судно черпает воду

water channel of an aqueduct — лоток акведука

water collecting ring — водосборное кольцо

water delay line — водяная линия задержки

water down antifreeze — разбавлять антифриз

water equivalent of heat — эквивалент теплоносителя водяной

water gauge station — водомерный пост

water handling facilities — водяное хозяйство

water intake chamber — водоприемная камера

water intake well — водозаборный колодец

water intake works — водозаборное сооружение

water jacket space — полость водяной рубашки

water level indicator — водоуказательный прибор

water lowering sump — водопонижающий колодец

water oxidation susceptibility — окисляемость воды

water penetration tester — измеритель влагопроницаемости

water pressure gauge — водяной манометр

water retaining structure — водоподпорное сооружение

water space of boiler — водяное пространство котла

water spray nozzle — водораспылительное сопло

water supply well — <energ.> скважина водозаборная

water surface duty — нагрузка зеркала испарения

water tight packing — водонепроницаемая набивка

water utilization system — водохозяйственный комплекс

water wall panel — панель экрана

zero-head underground water — вода подземная безнапорная

Англо-русский технический словарь > water
20 system

1) система; комплекс

2) метод; способ

3) канал

4) вычислительная система

•

- access control system
- acoustic alarm system
- acoustic image system
- acoustic systems
- actiontrack system
- active IR-system
- actuator system
- adaptive communication system
- adaptive teleinformation system
- adaptive telemetering system
- advanced information system
- Afsatcom system
- air system
- aircraft intercommunication system
- airfield communication system
- air-ground automatic system
- airline reservation system
- air-to-ground TV system
- alarm signal system
- alarm system
- all-channel signaling system
- ALL-IN-ONE system
- alphanumeric system
- amplified speaker system
- amplitude shift-keying system
- AMPS system
- analog cellular communication system
- analog cellular system
- analog component video system
- analog television system
- analog tropospheric system
- anisochronous system
- antenna system
- antitheft system
- AR system
- Arabsat system
- ASK system
- associated channel analog system
- asynchronous address communication system
- audio recording system
- Aurora system
- Aussat system
- automatic communication system
- automatic connection establishment system
- automatic control system
- automatic data acquisition system
- automatic telegraphy system
- automatic telephone system
- automatic tuning system
- automatized cellular system
- auxiliary alarm system
- balanced cable transmission system
- band sharing system
- base station system
- baseband system
- basic input/output system
- bass-reflex speaker system
- batch processing system
- batch transmission system
- batch-and-forward system
- batteryless system
- bilateral CTV system
- binary tariff system
- biocontrol system
- bit parallel interface system
- bit transport system
- bridge duplex system
- broadband mobile system
- broadcast satellite system
- broadcasting delivery media systems
- burglar alarm system
- byte-serial interface system
- cabinet system
- cabinetless system
- cable distribution system
- cable TV system
- call-accounting system
- call-answering system
- call-counting system
- call-distributing system
- call-processing system
- call-queueing system
- camp-on system
- CAPTAIN system
- car component audio system
- carrier reinsertion system
- carrier system
- carrier-communication system
- carrier-current communication system
- Cassegrain-Schmidt system
- cassette recording system
- cassette reproducing system
- CATRIN system
- caution system
- CD 900 system
- cellular system
- cellular-radio system
- central-battery system
- centralized control system
- chirp binary telegraph system
- cipher system
- circuit switched telecommunication system
- circuit switching telecommunication system
- circular telecontrol system
- clock system
- closed-circuit communication system
- closed-circuit telegraph system
- closed-numbering system
- code-dependent system
- code-division multiple access system
- code-independent system
- code-insensitive system
- code-sensitive system
- coding system
- coherent fiber-optic system
- collimating system
- collocated system
- color separating system
- combined numbering system
- combined power supply system
- combined satellite communication system
- common-battery system
- common-carrier system
- common-channel signaling system
- common-engineering communication system
- common-purpose cellular system
- common-using band system
- common-using cordless telephone system
- common-using paging system
- communication system
- communication traffic system
- communications system
- community antenna system
- community antenna television system
- community TV-system
- commununication switching system
- compact disk digital audio system
- compatible color television system
- compatible single sideband system
- compatible single-band system
- compatible TV-system
- complex radio communication system
- computer vision system
- computer-telephone system
- Comsar system
- Comsat system
- Conax system
- concentrated-insonation system
- conference system
- conference-communication system
- congested system
- congress-class system
- constant-current system
- control generating system
- conventional television system
- Conversant system
- cordless-communication system
- crossbar system
- crossed-coincident microphone system
- Crosspoint system
- CSE system
- C-system
- cubical video projecting system
- data processing system
- data system
- data transport system
- data-collection system
- data-compression system
- data-exchange system
- dataflow system
- data-gathering system
- data-handling system
- data-measuring system
- data-reduction system
- data-transmission system
- Decca Navigator system
- DECfax system
- decision-feedback system
- dedicated control channel system
- dedicated multimedia system
- delta-sigma system
- deluxe presentation system
- departmental communication system
- desktop-video system
- DFS/Copernicus system
- dial-telephone system
- differential phase shift-keying system
- differential-duplex system
- differential-magnetic system
- digital camera system
- digital hybrid-key telephone system
- digital mass storage system
- digital microwave radio transmission system
- digital telephone communication system
- digital transmission system
- digital TV-communication system
- Digital UNIX system
- digital-analog system
- digital-cellular system
- digital-data modulation system
- digital-effect system
- digital-message entry system
- digital-termination system
- direct-broadcasting satellite system
- directing system
- direct-modulation system
- direct-sequence system
- direct-telephone communication system
- discrete communication system
- discrete sound system
- discrete-addressing system
- disk-operating system
- DISOSS system
- dispatch telephone communication system
- dispatch-center system
- dispersed-insonation system
- distributed-insonation system
- distributed-processing system
- documental-type communication system
- Dolby systems
- domestic satellite communication system
- double-band telephone communication system
- double-channel transmission system
- double-current transmission system
- double-pole communication system
- double-sideband large carrier system
- DSCS system
- D-system
- dual-cable system
- dual-reflector system
- duplexed system
- Earth-to-space transmission system
- ECM system
- electric communication system
- electronic antishock system
- electronic data-gathering system
- electronic data-processing system
- electronic-message system
- electronic-scanning system
- electronic-switching system
- Ellipso system
- emergency telephone communication system
- emergency-broadcast system
- EMX system
- equidistant system
- error-correction system
- error-detection system
- Eutelsat system
- extensible system
- external paging system
- facsimile system
- fast-acting servicing system
- fault-tolerant system
- fax communication system
- fax transmitting system
- feed system
- fiber transmission system
- fiber-optic transmission system
- field-sequential system
- final mile system
- finishing system
- fire alarm system
- fire warning system
- first generation cellular system
- five-channel communication system
- fixed satellite system
- Flexcam system
- flexible access system
- Flitsatcom system
- focusing system
- four-channel sound system
- four-dimensional system
- four-wire telephone communication system
- frame-sequential system
- frequency shift-keying system
- frequency-carrier system
- frequency-control system
- front-bass reflex speaker system
- fully digital system
- gate system
- Gaussian system
- generalized system
- generating dynamic system
- generator-dc-motor system
- GIGASET radio system
- global positioning system
- Global system
- Gopher system
- grandfathered system
- group-alerting and dispatching system
- guide system
- hard-wired CCTV system
- hazard system
- helical-scan system
- HF-synchronizing system
- high-precision navigating system
- Hi-linear system
- home system
- home-telephone system
- home-type system
- homing-guidance system
- host system
- hydroacoustic system
- ideal communication system
- idealized system
- image informaion system
- image-forming system
- immedial servicing system
- incompatible system
- independent system
- information retrieval system
- information system radio system
- information system
- information-feedback system
- information-measuring system
- infrared alarm system
- Inmarsat system
- Inmarsat-A system
- Inmarsat-B system
- Inmarsat-C system
- Inmarsat-D system
- Inmarsat-M system
- Inmarsat-P system
- integrated telephone system
- integrated videographic teleconferencing system
- integrated-antenna system
- integrated-communication system
- integrated-modulation system
- integrated-office system
- Intelsat system
- interactive system
- intercarrier-sound system
- intercommunication system
- intercontinental tropospheric system
- interlock system
- intermachine exchange system
- intermediate system
- international communication system
- interphone system
- Intervision system
- intraband signaling system
- intruder alarm system
- inward-outward dialing system
- ionoscatter system
- ionosphere sounder system
- ionospheric system
- Iridium system
- isolated system
- Italsat system
- J-carrier system
- joint-multichannel trunking and switching system
- K-carrier system
- key system
- key-telephone system
- land satellite communication system
- large-grained communication system
- laser communication system
- L-band satellite system
- L-carrier system
- Leasat system
- lightning protection system
- limited distortion system
- line amplifiers system
- link system
- little-channel relay system
- local alarm system
- local battery system
- local communication system
- local radio paging system
- long-haul system
- long-range system
- loop system
- loud-speaking communication system
- low-traffic system
- magnetic tape recording system
- Mail system
- management-information system
- manual cellular system system
- manual telephone set system
- Marisat system
- master television system
- master-antenna television system
- matrix sound system
- message feedback system
- message procession system
- message registration system
- message-switched system
- meteor radio system
- Metrobus system
- micro component system
- Micro Press Cluster Printing system
- micro-lens system
- microprocessor system
- microwave relay system
- midi system
- mine radio telephone system
- mini system
- mixed media system
- mixed numbering system
- mobile cellular communication system
- mobile land communication system
- mobile radio system
- mobile relay system
- mobile system
- modulated system
- monetary mobile system
- MS-Mail system
- multiareal system
- multicassette system
- multichannel telephone system
- multicomputer system
- multidisk system
- multiformat recording system
- multifrequency tone signaling system
- multiguard system
- multilevel mixed system
- multimedia system
- multiple-channel system
- multiqueue system
- Multiscrypt system
- multistandard system
- multitrack editing system
- mutibeam antenna system
- muting system
- Nagravision system
- NAMTS system
- narrow-angle TV system
- national communication system
- navigation system
- n-channel communication system
- n-channel DPSK system
- n-channel transmission system
- network standalone system
- network system
- network-operation system
- networks numbering system
- neutral direct-current telegraph system
- n-head video system
- NMT system
- noise-reduction system
- nonhoming tuning system
- noninterlaced television system
- nonsegmented system
- Norsat system
- n-satellite system system
- n-tone DPSK system
- n-tone MFSK system
- NTSC system
- NTT system
- obligatory message system
- Odyssey system
- off-line system
- on-line computer system
- on-line secured system
- open numbering system
- open system
- operative-engineering communication system
- opposite signals system
- optical-communication system
- optical-information system
- optical-projection system
- optoelectronic system
- oscillating system
- oscillation system
- outband signaling system
- package-and-resource tracking system
- pagemaster system
- paging system
- PAL system
- parametric system
- PATHWORKS system
- pattern recognition system
- personal holding guard system
- phase shift-keying system
- phone system
- Piccolo system
- pilot-controller system
- polar direct-current telegraph system
- portable mobile system
- power control system
- power controlling system
- power-line carrier system
- power-supply system
- press-to-talk system
- Prestel system
- primary-supply system
- privacy system
- private branch paging system
- private movable system
- private videodata system
- private videotex system
- process-interface system
- PROFS system
- programmable cross-connect system
- programmable cross-connected system
- programmed radio system
- prompting system
- protected wireline distribution system
- protection system
- pseudoquadraphony system
- pseudotrunking system
- public videodata system
- public videotex system
- pulse-code system
- pulse-frequency system
- pulse-time system
- quadraphonic sound system
- quadruple-diversity system
- R1 system
- R2 system
- radio buoy system
- radio command system
- radio communication system
- Radio Data system
- radio facsimile system
- Radiocom 2000 system
- radio-control system
- radio-paging system
- radio-relay system
- radiosonde-radio-wind system
- radio-telemetering system
- real time pulse-echo system
- real time system
- receiver lockout system
- recording system
- recovery system
- redundant system
- reference-information system
- regional electronic payment system
- relay-radio system
- remote concentrating system
- remote control system
- remote diagnostic system
- remote information system
- remote semiconcentrating system
- remote sensing system
- remote signaling system
- rendering system
- rerecording system
- reserved servicing system
- RF/Transmission system
- rotary system
- safety alarm system
- safety system
- Satcom system
- satellite comminication system
- satellite marine comminication system
- Satellite Master Antenna Television system
- satellite radio system
- satellite-aircraft communication system
- SB-communication system
- SBL communication system
- scalable system
- scanning trunking system
- SCO UNIX system
- searchless identification system
- seat reservation system
- SECAM system
- second generation cellular system
- second room system
- secondary supply system
- secrecy system
- section communication system
- security system
- segmented system
- seismic system
- selective calling system
- selective frequency base station system
- selective protective system
- selective telephone system
- self-adjusting system
- self-balancing differential system
- self-contained system
- self-test system
- selsyn system
- semiautomatic-switching system
- semiautomatized cellular system
- sensory system
- servo system
- shadow-batch system
- short-haul microwave system
- Sicral system
- Sigma Servo system
- signal system
- simplex movable system
- single-band transmission system
- single-busbar system
- single-cable communication system
- single-cable system
- single-channel system
- single-current transmission system
- single-pulse tracking system
- Skynet system
- small-grained communication system
- SmarTrunk II radio communication system
- solid-state uninterruptible power battery system
- Sony bus system
- sound alarm system
- sound equalization system
- sound navigation system
- sound reinforcement system
- sound warning system
- space-division system
- space-switched system
- spark-safe system
- speaker system
- special communication system
- speech-processing system
- speech-recognition system
- split-speaker system
- spread-spectrum system
- stabilizing system
- stage monitoring system
- standalone double point system
- star-circuit system
- STAREX CMX system
- starting communication system
- start-stop system
- stationary satellite system
- step-by-step system
- stereo sound system
- stereophonic sound system
- storage system
- storage-and-retrieval system
- Strowger system
- submarine fiber-optic system
- subprimary digital transmission system
- subscriber carrier system
- subscriber switching system
- suffix system
- Supersat system
- supervisory control system
- surround sound system
- switched telecommunication system
- switching system
- sync communication system
- synchro system
- synchronous communication system
- synchronous digital system
- TAGS system
- tandem system
- tariffication system
- T-carrier system
- TDF system
- teleautomatic system
- Telecom system
- telecommunication system
- telecommunications system
- telecommunication-service priority system
- telecommunications-service priority system
- telecontrol system
- telemechanic system
- telemetering system
- telemetry system
- telephone system
- telephone-answering system
- telephone-communication system
- telephone-communications system
- teleprocessing system
- Telesat system
- teletex system
- teletypewriter system
- television-telephone system
- Tele-X system
- Telsar system
- terminal system
- terrestrial radio-relay system
- theft-prevention system
- thin-route system
- third generation communication system
- three-axle stabilizing system
- three-channel HF-telephone system
- three-channel transmission system
- three-color system
- three-lens optical system
- three-primary system
- three-wire system
- time-dissemination system
- time-frequency hopping system
- time-switched system
- total access communication system
- total area coverage system
- transmission system
- trichromatic system
- triple-interlace system
- triplex system
- trunk communication system
- TV-observation system
- twelve-channel transmission system
- two-arm system
- two-band system
- two-color system
- two-roller transfer system
- two-step control system
- two-way CATV system
- two-way system
- two-wire telephone communication system
- ultra-match system
- ULTRIX system
- unified radioaccess system
- unilateral-control system
- unilateral-synchronization system
- uninterruptible-power system
- Unisat system
- universal alarm system
- universal-battery system
- universal-electronic system
- universal-movable system
- Uniworks system
- vestigial-sideband system
- video editing system
- video home system
- video recording system
- videocom system
- videoteleconference system
- videotex system
- virtual studio system
- vision system
- vocoder system
- voice dialog system
- voice frequency carrier telegraph system
- voice modulation system
- voice post system
- volume control system
- waiting system
- warning system
- watch system
- watching system
- waterside facsimile communication system
- wave-propagating system
- wide-angle TV system
- Winfax Pro system
- wired broadcasting system
- wireless CCTV system
- wireless home system
- wireless infrared speaker system
- wire-radio communication system
- XY system
- zone-selective protection system
- zoning system

English-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > system

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Supply chain management — (SCM) is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the operations of the supply chain as efficiently as possible. Supply Chain Management spans all movement and storage of raw materials, work in process inventory, and finished goods… … Wikipedia
Supply and demand — For other uses, see Supply and demand (disambiguation). The price P of a product is determined by a balance between production at each price (supply S) and the desires of those with purchasing power at each price (demand D). The diagram shows a… … Wikipedia
line — line1 linable, lineable, adj. lineless, adj. linelike, adj. /luyn/, n., v., lined, lining. n. 1. a mark or stroke long in proportion to its breadth, made with a pen, pencil, tool, etc., on a surface: a line down the middle of the page. 2. Math. a … Universalium
line — line1 [ laın ] noun *** ▸ 1 long thin mark ▸ 2 edge showing shape ▸ 3 border/limit ▸ 4 telephone connection ▸ 5 row of people/things ▸ 6 part of railroad system ▸ 7 transportation company ▸ 8 way of thinking/talking ▸ 9 series of words ▸ 10… … Usage of the words and phrases in modern English
line — I UK [laɪn] / US noun Word forms line : singular line plural lines *** 1) [countable] a long thin mark on the surface of something Draw a straight line. Each horizontal line on the graph represents fifteen minutes. a) a long thin mark on the… … English dictionary
Line source — A line source is a source of air, noise, water contamination or electromagnetic radiation that emanates from a linear (one dimensional) geometry. The most prominent linear sources are roadway air pollution, aircraft air emissions, roadway noise,… … Wikipedia
Power line communication — or power line carrier (PLC), also known as power line digital subscriber line (PDSL), mains communication, power line telecom (PLT), power line networking (PLN), or broadband over power lines (BPL) are systems for carrying data on a conductor… … Wikipedia
Water supply and sanitation in Israel — is intricately linked to the historical development of Israel in the context of scarce water resources. Because the coastal plain of historical Palestine had few water resources, Theodor Herzl already envisioned the transfer of water from the… … Wikipedia
Water supply and sanitation in Venezuela — is characterized by insufficient coverage and service quality, despite the country s oil wealth. Increases in coverage in the 1990 2001 period have been limited; more recent coverage figures are not readily available.Investments in the sector are … Wikipedia
405-line television system — The 405 line monochrome analogue television broadcasting system was the first fully electronic television system to be used in regular broadcasting. It was introduced with the BBC Television Service in 1936, suspended for the duration of World… … Wikipedia
Water supply and sanitation in India — continue to be inadequate, despite longstanding efforts by the various levels of government and communities at improving coverage. The situation is particularly inadequate for sanitation, since only one of three Indians has access to improved… … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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(process or supply line)

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